A synoptic list is given of all the ascaridoid nematodes known from fish hosts, totalling over 500 binomial combinations. The checklist consists of four lists: A, recognisable names; B, names based on larval forms; C, incertae sedis; and D, species inquirendae and nomina dubia. These lists total 357 names. Of these names, fewer than half (45%) fall into the category of recognisable names. A further list of host names, cross-referenced to the checklist, is also provided.
The distribution, abundance, growth and reproduction of a population of tropical intertidal gastropods, Cerithium moniliferum, at Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef, were examined and related to the incidence of parasitism by 11 digenean trematodes. The snails were patchily distributed on exposed beachrock, and showed little seasonally related change in abundance, but numbers and shell morphs were correlated with sand movements. Snails bred mainly in spring, had a thickened lip to the body whorl at this time and grew mainly from summer through winter, migrating to higher more exposed levels as they grew. There were no seasonal patterns of incidence with any or all trematodes, five of which were moderately common, though rarely did incidence exceed 20% of the population. Parasitism was more common in larger snails with thick lips and eroded shells found at the higher levels of the beachrock. Parasitism presumably steadily increases with age and size, but once infected, snails stop growing. Parasitized snails are castrated and presumably live for about 2-3 years by which time infection rates exceed 50%.
This is the first of a series describing new turbellarian and nematode species collected during March and April 1992, on eulittoral sandy shores of Southern Queensland and northern New South Wales, Australia. The environment and all sampling sites are described. Four new species of Macrostomida (Dunwlchia arenosa, gen. et sp. nov., Bradburia australiensis, gen. et sp. nov., Macrostomum australiense, sp. nov., and Macrostomum sp. based only on female sexual maturity) were found in eulittoral habitats of sandy beaches, flats and brackish-water creeks.
Temnocephala minor Haswell, 1888 lives ectosymbiotically on the surface of the freshwater crayfish Cherax destructor in the Murray-Darling drainages of Australia. Some glands open on the postero-lateral margin and, being moderately refractory to many stains, can be overlooked in whole mounts and sections, and were, in fact, missed by Haswell. Observations were made on living worms with intra vitam dyes, and on whole mounts, wax sections and ultrathin sections using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to characterise the secretion from these glands and ascertain its mode of manufacture. The function of the glands remains unknown although it appears non-adhesive.
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