RESUMELa culture du soja réalisée sans apport adéquat d'intrants, se traduit par un faible rendement. Ainsi, pour y remédier, une étude sur l'inoculation bactérienne dont l'objectif était de déterminer une dose efficiente capable d'augmenter le rendement de trois variétés de soja a été conduite. Ces essais ont été, mis en place suivant un dispositif en blocs de Fisher à 5 répétitions, où deux facteurs ont été étudiés. Le principal était représenté par la dose de l'inoculum bactérien et le facteur secondaire, par la variété de soja. A l'issue des travaux, le traitement D3 sur la variété Canarana a produit le plus grand nombre de gousses par plant (62 gousses). Les meilleurs taux de remplissage des gousses sont obtenus avec les traitements D3 (72,95 %) et D4 (72,30 %) sur la variété Tracaja. Au niveau de l'indice de récolte des plants, c'est le traitement D4 (0,491) sur la variété Doko qui a été le plus favorable. Pour la masse de 100 graines, les traitements D3 (20,24 g) et D4 (20,07 g) sur la variété Tracaja ont obtenu les masses les plus élevées. Les plus hauts rendements en graines sont notés chez Tracaja inoculée avec D3 (4,96 t/ha) et D2 (4,81 t/ha). ABSTRACTSoybeans grown without adequate inputs result in low yields. Thus, to remedy this, a study on bacterial inoculation whose objective was to determine an efficient dose capable of increasing the yield of soybean varieties was conducted. These tests were run using a Fisher 5-rep block arrangement and two factors studied: the main one was inoculation and the secondary factor was the soybean variety. At the end of the work, the D3 treatment on the Canarana variety produced the largest number of pods per plant (62 cloves). The best pod fill rates are obtained with the D3 (72.95%) and D4 (72.30%) treatments on the Tracaja variety. At the plant harvest index level, D4 treatment (0.491) on the Doko variety was the most favorable. For the 100-seed mass, the treatments D3 (20.24 g) and D4 (20.07 g) on the Tracaja variety obtained the highest masses. The highest seed yields are recorded in Tracaja inoculated with D3 (4.96 t / ha) and D2 (4.81 t / ha).
The efficiency of lixiviate on the tolerance of plantain to root attacks of Pratylenchus coffeae has been examined. During the growing phase which lasted a month, four different treatments were applied to Banana plants of cultivars CORNE 1 and PITA 3: lix- (no lixiviate), lix100 (100% lixiviate), lix25 (25% lixiviate) and lix5 (5% lixiviate). Then, these plants were inoculated with 500 individuals of P. coffeae to assess the effect of lixiviate treatments against nematodes on both cultivars CORNE 1 and PITA 3. This study showed that 5% lixiviate and 25% lixiviate doses gave better agronomic parameters (mass of root system, the collar circumference, pseudo stem height, leaf area and a number of leaves) evaluated on vivoplants. Cultivars CORNE 1 treated with 25% lixiviate dose and cultivars PITA 3 treated with 5% lixiviate dose, gained tolerance against nematode’s attacks. Otherwise, cultivars PITA 3 were resistant to nematodes after 25% lixiviate dosage because P. coffeae were reduced by 80 % in this treatment. The results presented in this work are encouraging for the development of biological control methods of banana nematodes by lixiviate
Maize (Zea mays L.) or Indian wheat is the most cultivated cereal in the world and the first in terms of quantity before wheat. Its cultivation is confronted with the climate change which causes drought, and this last one reduces considerably its production. The objective of this experiment is to select maize (Zea mays L.) varieties resistant to water stress using gamma irradiation. Its aim is to characterize agromorphologically two maize lines derived from the gamma irradiated variety EV8728. This study took place in Daloa (Ivory Coast). The plant material consisted of maize plants obtained by self-fertilization after five cycles from seeds of the variety EV8728 irradiated with gamma rays at a dose of 300 grays. Observations and measurements were made on the number and area of leaves, height and diameter of maize plants, male and female flowering parameters (date of panicle appearance, pollen grains, cob and silks) and number of spikelets, cob insertion height (CIE), panicle height and internode length. At the 58th das, the highest number of leaves (18.76) was observed in the plants of line 36 watered at capacity in field S0. On the other hand, the number of leaves (16.04) was lowest on the plants of the same line under severe stress (S2). Regardless of the type of stress applied, the plants of the control EV8728 always dominate, while the most stunted are those of the line L36. The date of panicle appearance (DAP) was early with the EV8728 control compared to the tested lines (L36 and L71), while the date of pollen appearance (DAGP) was about 4 d after the panicle was visible. Under moderate stress, a delay in flowering (anthesis) is observed in EV8728 and line L71 while there is no change in date for line L36.
RESUMELippia multiflora (Verbenaceae) ou thé de savane pousse naturellement dans les régions de savane en Côte d'Ivoire. Dans le cadre de la diversification des cultures en Côte d'Ivoire, des recherches récentes ont été conduites en vue de la caractérisation de sa composition, sa domestication et sa valorisation, ont abouti à des résultats. Des résultats de recherche couvrant les années 1996 à 2009 de travaux sur Lippia multiflora ont concerné cette analyse. Ceux-ci concernent différents champs disciplinaires dont des évaluations pédologiques, agrophysiologiques, physicochimiques et médicinales effectués en Côte d'Ivoire. Les particularités de cette plante en interaction avec les paramètres environnementaux de sa culture mises en valeur sont discutées. ABSTRACT Lippia multiflora (VERBENACEAE) IN CÔTE D'IVOIRE : PRELIMINARY RESEARCH RESULTS AND CULTURE CHALLENGEAs part of diversification of crops in Côte d'Ivoire, studies have been conducted for the domestication and exploitation of Lippia multiflora or savannah tea. Pedological evaluations in different areas, morphological, physicochemical and medicinal studies have been made. It appears that the plant grows on several types of soils that are sandy clay to sandy loam and slightly acid. The roots are found mostly within 30 cm of soil. Mulching paths and the input of nitrogen fertilization (from 500 to 1500 kg/ha -1 ) promote rapid growth (> 150 cm after 10 d) and obtaining a large biomass (> 8 t.ha -1 ). Young leaves are richer in protein than adults. In Côte d'Ivoire, there are two plant chemotypes depending on the content major compounds : 1,8 cineole, geranial and á-terpineol with therapeutic cons of diarrhea and malaria.
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