This study identified intentional and non-intentional compliance issues that could hinder the optimal use of medicines by older people who are at greater risk of medicine-related adverse effects. Large quantities of medicines, confusion, and lack of knowledge as to why a medicine had been prescribed contributed to non-compliance. Appropriate communication between the pharmacist and patient, patient education and aids such as medication cards and referral for medication review could improve compliance in this age group.
Cultural differences in information processing affect perceptual judgment, attention, and memory. We investigated whether cultural differences in processing patterns, specifically East Asian participants' tendency to encode holistically, compared to Western tendencies to process analytically, affect performance on an implicit memory test. First, participants completed a 1-back task on pictures with superimposed distracting words. After a delay filled with a computerised Corsi block task, they performed a word fragment task in which some fragments could be completed with the distracting words from the 1-back task. Critically, fragments were presented with the same pictures as previously seen (matched condition), with no pictures (control condition), or with pictures from other trials on the 1-back task (mismatched condition). Non-Asian Canadian participants showed virtually no priming for distraction, independent of the reinstatement of encoding context. East Asian Canadian participants showed superior priming for fragments that had been paired with their original pictures. They did not show evidence of a detriment for the mismatched, relative to control, condition.
Structural engineering design standards are based on a range of input variables for resistance, action and modelling. The distribution type and parameters for each determine the partial factors appropriate to achieve a defined reliability level over a specified reference period. For the assessment of existing bridges and structures, a reduced reliability level may be accepted due to the greater cost of providing reliability through strengthening when compared with the cost of providing it at design. This would allow the use of lower partial factors, although they are still limited by the need to provide a minimum level for human safety. Adoption of this approach for assessment would have significant benefits for an ageing UK infrastructure by reducing the need to carry out costly strengthening and retrofitting schemes while still ensuring appropriate structural reliability levels are maintained. This paper presents a study investigating appropriate reduced partial factors to be applied through UK highway structure assessment standards, the sensitivity of these values to input distribution model assumptions and how they could be implemented in industry.
This paper sets out the challenges from the perspective of the designer associated with the construction of the River Dee Bridge built by the balanced cantilever method. The importance of managing the construction sequence and its impact on both the design and programme are discussed. Monitoring and managing the loads in the temporary works were crucial to ensuring the stability of the structure. The issues associated with the temporary jacking system and the monitoring adopted are also considered.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.