We contend that although SIT appears to be an effective exercise modality for physiological benefit, it is unlikely to be effective as a means to promote regular participation in physical activity in a largely sedentary population. We have argued that SIT is inappropriate for sedentary individuals because engaging in such training requires high levels of motivation and confidence. In addition, high intensity exercise is likely to evoke to negative affect which may lead to subsequent avoidance of further exercise. SIT programmes of exercise are also relatively complex and involve a high degree of self-regulation, which may also be a barrier to continuation in those who are uninitiated. we contend that SIT should not necessarily be considered time efficient as a session would likely last at least 30 min. We would like to see further research that addresses the motivational factors and responses of sedentary people to SIT. Specifically, we propose the following research agenda to improve knowledge of SIT in sedentary populations: (1) the acceptability of, and affective responses to, SIT programmes; (2) the social cognitive and motivational factors that may be related to participation in, and adherence to, SIT programmes; (3) the degree of adherence to SIT programmes compared to programmes of continuous aerobic exercise of moderate intensity; and (4) whether SIT programmes can be transferred to natural settings outside of the supervised laboratory environment

Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate the reliability of five different sweat analysis techniques which measure; whole body sweat rate [WBSR], local sweat rate [LSR] (via technical absorbent [TA] method and KuduSmart® monitor), sweat conductivity [SC] and sweat gland activation [SGA] in a female population when exercising moderately under heat stress. Methods: Fourteen females (age; 26 ± 7 years, body mass; 66.5 ± 7.6 kg, height; 167.1 ± 6.4 cm) completed a preliminary threshold walking test (to determine exercise intensity) and two main trials, separated by 2 days. Main trials consisted of 30-minutes seated rest in the environmental chamber (35°C, 50% relative humidity) in an upper body sauna-suit, before its removal, and walking at a moderate intensity (4 metabolic equivalents) for 30-minutes (speeds ranged from 4.8-6.5 km.hr-1). WBSR was measured via nude mass pre and post exercise. The TA and Tegaderm patches (for sweat sodium chloride) were placed on the back, forearm and chest for the entire 60-minutes, replicated for all participants for both trials. SGA was assessed following the 60-minute trial and the KuduSmart® monitor was placed on the left arm for the 30-minutes of exercise. Results: WBSR, LSR methods and SC demonstrated no difference between trials (p >0.05), good agreement (within limits), strong correlations (r ≥ 0.88) and low typical error of measurements [TEM] (<0.04L.min-1 , 0.13 mg.min-1 .cm-2 and 8 mmol.L-1 , respectively). SGA method showed moderate intra-class correlation (r=0.80), with high TEM (5 glands) and large limits of agreement. Conclusion: Sudomotor function is reliable, as demonstrated by good reliability, small TEM and strong correlations. The use of these sweat techniques is appropriate and practical in females who are exercising at moderate intensity under heat stress, and so, may aid future interventions. SGA shows larger variation and should be used with caution.

There is a very strong relationship between measurements of S' during exercise and exercise capacity. The previously observed poor correlation with standard measures of systolic and diastolic cardiac function may be explained both by the load dependence of parameters such as ejection fraction and by reliance on resting as opposed to exercise assessment.

The oxygen cost of different activities typically performed in a recreational horse riding session meets the criteria for moderate intensity exercise (3-6 METs) in females, and trotting combined with cantering imposes the highest metabolic demand. Regular riding could contribute to the achievement of the public health recommendations for physical activity in this population.

Introduction: the aim of this study was to assess the validity of a novel wearable sweat rate monitor against an array of sweat analysis techniques which determine sudomotor function when exercising moderately under heat stress. Construct validity was determined utilising a 5-day short-term heat acclimation (STHA) intervention. Methods: Nineteen healthy individuals (age: 41 ± 23 years, body mass: 74.0 ± 12.2 kg, height: 174.9 ± 6.9 cm) [male; n = 15, female; n = 4] completed nine trials over a three-week period, in a controlled chamber set to 35°C, 50% relative humidity for all sessions. The pre and post-trials were separated by five consecutive controlled hyperthermia HA sessions. Sweat analysis was compared from pre and post-trial, whereby whole body sweat rate (WBSR) was assessed via pre and post nude body mass. Local sweat rate (LSR) was determined via technical absorbent patches (TA) (weighed pre and post) and a novel wearable KuduSmart® (SMART) monitor which was placed on the left arm during the 30-minutes of exercise. Tegaderm patches, used to measure sweat sodium chloride conductivity (SC), and TA patches were placed on the back, chest and forearm for the 30-minutes cycling. Results: Sudomotor function significantly adapted via STHA (p < 0.05); demonstrated by a WBSR increase of 24%, LSR increase via the TA method (back: 26%, chest: 45% and arm: 48%) and LSR increase by the SMART monitor (35%). Finally, SC decreased (back: -21%, chest: -25% and arm: -24%, p < 0.05). Conclusion: All sweat techniques were sensitive to sudomotor function adaptation following STHA, reinforcing their validity. The real time data given by the wearable KuduSmart® monitor provides coaches and athletes instant comparable sudomotor function feedback to traditional routinely used sweat analysis techniques.