Sloshing phenomenon consists in the movement of liquids inside partially filled tanks, which generates dynamic loads on the tank structure. Resulting impact pressures are of great importance in assessing structural strength, and their correct evaluation still represents a challenge for the designer due to the high nonlinearities involved, with complex free surface deformations, violent impact phenomena and influence of air trapping. In the present paper a set of two-dimensional cases for which experimental results are available are considered to assess merits and shortcomings of different numerical methods for sloshing evaluation, namely two commercial RANS solvers (FLOW-3D and LS-DYNA), and two own developed methods (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics and RANS). Impact pressures at different critical locations and global moment induced by water motion for a partially filled tank with rectangular section having a rolling motion have been evaluated and results are compared with experiments.
Sloshing, a violent behaviour of liquid contents in tanks submitted to the forced vessels' motion on the sea represents one of the major considerations in LNG vessels design over several past decades. State of the art of sloshing analysis relies on small-scale sloshing model tests supported by extensive developments of CFD computation techniques, commonly studying one isolated tank submitted to the forced motion without their mutual interaction.In reality, wave-induced response of the vessel carrying liquid cargo is affected by internal liquid motion, and consequently, tank liquid flow is altered by the vessel motion in return. An efficient numerical model for dynamic coupling between motions exerted by tank liquid (sloshing) and rigid body motions of the vessel (seakeeping) was developed in Bureau Veritas, formulated under the assumptions of linear potential theory in frequency domain.As already experienced with anti-rolling tanks, strong coupling effect is perceived on the first order transverse motions. However, consequences of coupled motions on sloshing loads have not been explored yet. This paper presents comparative analysis of sloshing effects induced by coupled and non-coupled vessel motion, introduced as the excitation to 6 d.o.f. small-scale model test rig. Possible risk of coupled effects is demonstrated on the example of standard size of LNG carrier operating with partly filled cargo tanks.
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