Delayed sternal closure is an effective approach to the management of neonates and infants at risk for hemodynamic, respiratory, or hemostatic instability early after cardiac surgery. Significant changes in hemodynamics and respiratory variables occur during sternal closure, often requiring adjustment of inotropic and ventilatory management. (Crit Care Med 2000; 28: 1180-1184)

Use of transthoracic intracardiac catheters in pediatric patients is safe. Young infants and pediatric patients with thrombocytopenia or with catheters in the left atrial or pulmonary artery position have a greater need for interventions after catheter removal, warranting added precautions.

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