Latinos in the U.S. are disproportionately affected by HIV and are at risk for late presentation to care. Between June 2011 and January 2012, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 209 Baltimore Latinos at community-based venues to evaluate the feasibility of using communication technology (ICT)-based interventions to improve access to HIV testing and education within the Spanish-speaking community in Baltimore. Participants had a median age of 33 years (IQR 28-42), 51.7% were male, and 95.7% were foreign-born. Approximately two-thirds (63.2%) had been in the U.S. less than 10 years and 70.1% had been previously tested for HIV. Cell phone (92.3%) and text messaging (74.2%) was used more than Internet (52.2%) or e-mail (42.8%) (p<0.01). In multivariate analysis, older age and lower education were associated with less utilization of Internet, e-mail and text messaging, but not cell phones. Interest was high for receiving health education (73.1%), HIV education (70.2%), and test results (68.8%) via text messaging. Innovative cell phone-based communication interventions have the potential to link Latino migrants to HIV prevention, testing and treatment services.
Between 1775 and 1782, the Captaincy of São Paulo was governed by Martim Lopes Lobo de Saldanha. During this period, the disputes in the southern frontier were the major concern of the Portuguese Crown overseas. In this context, the Captaincy of São Paulo assumed the responsibility of enlisting troops and ensure the ownership of the southern territories of the Portuguese America. With the San Ildefonso Treaty, in 1777, the frontier was diplomatically defined with the Castilians. This is considered the beginning of a second term government of Lobo de Saldanha in São Paulo, in which wartime tensions and political disputes surfaced with greater intensity, making clear the opposition between the governor and the local power. This thesis analyzes the Government of Captain-General Martim Lopes Lobo de Saldanha emphasizing the geopolitical issue, showing how his government directives were related to the issues at the southern frontier. Once the conflict were solved, during the remaining years of his government Lobo de Saldanha faced the opposition of the local elite, due to the problems caused by war. And for such confrontation, Saldanha lacked the necessary political skills.
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