Aeschynomene veadeirana, a new species from the highlands of the state of Goiás, Brazil, is described and illustrated here. This species is closer to A. viscidula but differs from it in stems and branches predominantly puberulous to sparsely hispidulous or glabrescent, leaflets preponderantly oblong with revolute, ciliate margins, apressed trichomes, wing petals dorsally overlapping, and fruits pubescent, not reflexed or viscous. The geographical distribution, status of conservation, phenology of the new species, and a key to the species of Aeschynomene sect. Ochopodium ser. Viscidulae which occur in Brazil are provided. Also, the synonymization of A. gilbertoi under A. viscidula is herein proposed.
Resumo A partir de metodologia usual em taxonomia vegetal é apresentado o tratamento taxonômico das espécies de Aeschynomene presentes do estado de Goiás. Foram registradas 26 espécies correspondentes a 33 táxons, quatro deles endêmicos (A. nana, A. genistoides var. latifoliola, A. simplicifolia e A. veadeirana) e dez novos registros (A. evenia var. evenia, A. mollicula, A. montevidensis, A. parviflora, A. rudis, A. sensitiva var. sensitiva, A. sensitiva var. amazonica, A. sensitiva var. hispidula, A. viscidula e A. vogelii). Descrições, ilustrações, uma chave para os táxons, comentários sobre seus habitats, épocas de floração e frutificação e relacionamentos morfológicos, além de mapas de distribuição são apresentados.
The new species Aeschynomene eridesii is here described, illustrated and has its geographical distribution discussed, including flowering and fruiting seasons, morphological relationships, and systematic position, besides assessed according to IUCN criteria. This species is endemic of Brazil and known to the states of Mato Grosso, Pará and Tocantins, where it grows in temporarily flooded environments and riverbanks. Diagnostic characters of A. eridesii include the size of leaves, stipules, bracts and flowers, leaflets with eccentric midvein, in addition to loments with long and curved stipe. This new species is compared with A. pluriarticulata and A. scabra, its congeners morphologically similar.
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