Objective: To determine face, content, and construct validity, and internal consistency of ROL scale. Methods and Findings: A three-phase study was conducted. First, content analysis of the scale was carried out consulting 10 professional experts. Then, face validity was analyzed with 60 caregivers. Finally, construct validity was evaluated by performing an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with 110 participants. Internal consistency of ROL scale was also assessed. Face validity of ROL scale reached a high acceptance index in three dimensions: role performance (0.97), role organization (0.98), and response to the role (0.98). Content validity showed coherence, clarity, and relevance of the scale. From factor analysis, three components emerged and were grouped in the same manner for varimax, quartimax, and equimax rotations. Cronbach's alpha was 0.816, which is an acceptable overall value. Conclusion: ROL scale makes objective the concept of role taking in family caregivers of people with chronic disease. It demonstrated to have acceptable reliability, and construct, face, and content validity to be used in the Colombian context. Keywords: Validation Study, Caregivers, Health Transitions, Chronic Disease.
Cómo se constituye el "vínculo especial" de cuidado entre la persona con enfermedad crónica y el cuidador familiar RESUMENLa formación de vínculos en el ser humano tiene su origen en las relaciones de cuidado existentes a lo largo de la vida. Existen teorías que aplican para las situaciones en que el ser humano se encuentra en riesgo o al límite como la situación de enfermedad crónica. Objetivo: describir la forma como se constituye el "vínculo especial" de cuidado entre la díada cuidador familiar-persona con enfermedad crónica. Método: corresponde a la conclusión central de una investigación cualitativa en la que se construyó una teoría sustantiva que describe el proceso por el cual se constituye el "vínculo especial" que surgió con un abordaje de teoría fundamentada. Hallazgos: una estructura teórica que muestra el patrón construido en las díadas frente al significado del cuidado en un diagrama representativo producto de una investigación doctoral. Conclusiones: el esquema construido muestra al inicio una separación entre las dos personas de la díada, y a medida que se comparte la experiencia y van haciéndose más cercanos los intereses, la díada alcanza mayor expansión de su conciencia en el cuidado. En el mismo sentido, la funcionalidad de la persona con enfermedad crónica disminuye y el nivel de habilidad de cuidado aumenta. PALABRAS CLAVECuidadores de familia, enfermedad crónica, vínculo, enfermería, teoría de enfermería (Fuente: DeCS). The formation of bonds in human beings stems from the caring relationships that exist throughout life. There are theories that apply to situations where the human being is at risk or has reached a limit, as in the case of chronic illness. Objective: Describe how a "special caring bond" is constructed in the dyad involving a family caregiver and a chronically ill patient. Method: The grounded theory methodology was used to arrive at the central conclusion of a qualitative study in which a substantive theory was constructed to describe the process whereby a "special caring bond" is formed. Findings: A theoretical structure showing the pattern formed in the dyads with respect to the significance of care is displayed in a representative diagram that was the product of doctoral research. Conclusions: The constructed pattern shows an initial separation between the two persons in the dyad. However, to the extent the experience is shared and interests increasingly coincide, the dyad achieves more awareness or consciousness with respect to the care being provided. Along the same lines, the functionality of the chronically ill person declines and the level of care-giving skill increases. KEY WORDSFamily caregivers, chronic illness, bond, nursing, nursing theory (Source: DeCS).Como se forma o "vínculo especial" de cuidado entre as pessoas com doenças crônicas e o cuidador familiar RESUMO A formação de vínculos do ser humano nascem de relações de cuidados providos na sua vida. Há teorias que se aplicam às situações em que os seres humanos está em risco ou ao limite -por exemplo, uma do...
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the program Caring for the Caregivers on the caring ability of family caregivers of people with chronic illnesses attended by programs coordinated by the Latin American nodes for the care of caregivers with chronically ill family members.Methods: The study had a Quasi-experimental method with an experimental group (family caregivers that took the Program Caring for the caregivers and a control group. Data was collected with the Ngozi Nkongho’s Caring Ability Inventory (CAI). The sample was taken by convenience in (8) nodes, with an average of 60-100 family caregivers for a total group of 643 individuals (417 in the experimental group and 226 in the control group). Statistical tests were used to evaluate proposals of normality and the Mann-Whitney U test to evaluate data. Results: Findings report similar study groups with small differences in ages and socioeconomic levels. Family caregivers that took part in the Program significantly improved their caring ability with improvement in each of the dimensions of the caring ability. Discussion: The effectiveness of the Program Caring for the caregivers in the caring ability of family caregivers is a significant finding that match with previous reports and it confirm the importance of having specific proposals for the care of caregivers in the Latin American context. Findings shows a strengthening of the general caring ability of family caregivers, as well as an straightening of each one of their dimensions that is favorable to the Program effect. These findings slightly differ from previous findings because in previous studies the caring ability never showed increase in all its components.
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