ResumoO Lentinus strigosus (Schwein.) Fr. é um cogumelo comestível ainda pouco cultivado, de ocorrência na Amazônia brasileira, que pode ser explorado. Para viabilizar economicamente o seu cultivo, a exemplo de outros cogumelos comestíveis, é recomendado a utilização de resíduos regionais de baixo ou nenhum custo. Assim, verificou-se o crescimento micelial de L. strigosus em meios de cultura preparados à base de extrato de resíduos madeireiros regionais (serragem) de breu (Protium puncticulatum), tauari (Cariniana micrantha) e piquiarana (Caryocar glabum) suplementadas com 20% de farelo de trigo (Triticum aestivum), farelo de milho (Zea sp.) ou farelo de arroz (Oryza sp.). A serragem de eucalipto (Eucalyptus sp.) foi utilizada para comparação com os demais resíduos madeireiros, por ser um resíduo comumente utilizado no cultivo de fungos comestíveis. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 3 (serragens x farelos), totalizando 12 tratamentos com 5 repetições, sendo cada repetição correspondente a uma placa de Petri, totalizando 60 placas, incubadas a 35 ºC. Avaliou-se, diariamente, o diâmetro da colônia até que, em um dos tratamentos, o fungo atingiu as proximidades da placa de Petri. Após esse período, observou-se que o meio à base de extrato de serragem de breu proporcionou
The functional properties of biofilms can vary according to the biopolymer used as the raw material; thus, in the search for alternative sources for preparation of biodegradable films, fruits and vegetables have been used to extract compounds of interest with applications in the food industry. The objective of this work was to obtain and characterize bioactive films based on pectin extracted from the epicarps (skin) of the fruit. The genipap (Genipa americana), red pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) and star fruit (Averrhoa carambola) were collected, washed, pulped and dried at 50 °C for 24 h, and their epicarps were ground and subjected to pectin extraction using the casting method. The films were characterized as to their visual appearance, moisture, pH, water solubility and antioxidant activity. The pectin-based films of G. americana and H. polyrhizus showed a yellowish color, while A. carambola was dark brown. The highest pectin yield (29%) and moisture content (13.9%) were obtained from the H. polyrhizus film, while A. carambola showed the highest solubility in water (98.6%) and had the highest pH (3.9). Additionally, the film based on A. carambola showed greater antioxidant potential against ABTS (30.5%) and DPPH (34%), as well as greater reducing power (0.262 absorbance at 750 nm) and content of total phenolic compounds (553 mg GAE/100 g), whereas H. polyrhizus had a higher percentage of chelating ability (27%). The physicochemical characteristics and bioactive properties exhibited make the film formulation a viable alternative for the food industry.
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