A novel ignition hohlraum for indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion is proposed, which is named three-axis cylindrical hohlraum (TACH). TACH is a kind of 6 laser entrance holes (LEHs) hohlraum, which is orthogonally jointed of three cylindrical hohlraums. Laser beams are injected through every entrance hole with the same incident angle of 55°. A view-factor simulation result shows that the time-varying drive asymmetry of TACH is less than 1.0% in the whole drive pulse period without any supplementary technology. Coupling efficiency of TACH is close to that of 6 LEHs spherical hohlraum with corresponding size. Its plasma-filling time is close to that of typical cylindrical ignition hohlraum. Its laser plasma interaction has as low backscattering as the outer cone of the cylindrical ignition hohlraum. Therefore, TACH combines most advantages of various hohlraums and has little predictable risk, providing an important competitive candidate for ignition hohlraum.
The ShenGuang-III (SG-III) laser facility was developed by the laser fusion research center (LFRC) for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) studies in China. Over 80 diagnostics have been installed at the SG-III laser facility, including optical diagnostics, x-ray imaging diagnostics, x-ray spectrum diagnostics, fusion product diagnostics and general diagnostics assistant systems, as well as central control and data acquisition systems. Various ICF experiments have also been performed at the SG-III laser facility. The first experiment explored the laser-target coupling process, including investigations of hohlraum radiation flux and laser energy coupling efficiency. The second experiment explored ablation and implosion physics, including shell asymmetry and implosion trajectory. The third experiment explored stagnation, hotspot dynamics and the nuclear phase of the implosion.
All existing x-ray dispersive devices including crystals, multilayers and diffraction gratings generate spectra in multiple orders. In this letter the authors describe how an axis symmetrically distributed sinusoidal-shaped aperture with binary transmittance values can be used to disperse x rays and with a superior diffraction pattern where, along its symmetry axis, all higher-order diffractions can be effectively suppressed. Hence this sophisticated dispersive element generates pure soft x-ray spectra in the first diffraction order, free from interference from higher diffraction orders.
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