The family of chloride channel proteins that mediate Cl- transportation play vital roles in plant nutrient supply, cellular action potential and turgor pressure adjustment, stomatal movement, hormone signal recognition and transduction, Cl- homeostasis, and abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. The anionic toxicity, mainly caused by chloride ions (Cl-), on plants under salt stress remains poorly understood. In this work, we investigated the function of soybean Cl-/H+ antiporter GmCLC1 under salt stress in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana, soybean, and yeast. We found that GmCLC1 enhanced salt tolerance in transgenic A. thaliana by reducing the Cl- accumulation in shoots and hence released the negative impact of salt stress on plant growth. Overexpression of GmCLC1 in the hairy roots of soybean sequestered more Cl- in their roots and transferred less Cl- to their shoots, leading to lower relative electrolyte leakage values in the roots and leaves. When either the soybean GmCLC1 or the yeast chloride transporter gene, GEF1, was transformed into the yeast gef1 mutant, and then treated with different chloride salts (MnCl2, KCl, NaCl), enhanced survival rate was observed. The result indicates that GmCLC1 and GEF1 exerted similar effects on alleviating the stress of diverse chloride salts on the yeast gef1 mutant. Together, this work suggests a protective function of GmCLC1 under Cl- stress.
Objective Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an established surgical technique and is the standard treatment for degenerative knee joint diseases. However, severe pain after TKA makes it difficult for many patients to perform early postoperative rehabilitation and functional exercise, which might result in subsequent unsatisfactory recovery of knee joint function and great reduction in patients’ satisfaction and quality of life. Orthopaedic surgeons have tried a large variety of analgesics and analgesic modes to relieve patients’ pain after TKA. There are many analgesic regimens available in clinical practice but all have some deficiencies. Parecoxib sodium, a highly selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), can reduce the synthesis of peripheral prostaglandin to exert the effect of analgesia, and relieve inflammation and prevent central sensitization through inhibition of peripheral and central COX‐2 expression. In addition, it can be used as a preemptive analgesic without affecting platelet aggregation. However, there does seem to be conflicting evidence in the current research as to whether parecoxib sodium can be used successfully as a preemptive analgesic; the effect of preemptive analgesia with parecoxib sodium in multimodal analgesia is still controversial. This research investigated the effects of parecoxib sodium in a preemptive multimodal analgesic regimen. Methods Eighty‐eight patients were randomized into two groups. The experimental group received parecoxib (46 patients) and the control group received saline (42 patients), administered 30 min before the initiation of the surgical procedure. A patient‐controlled analgesia (PCA) pump was applied within 48 h after surgery. The visual analogue scale (VAS), drug consumption through the PCA pump, use of salvaging analgesia, range of motion (ROM) of the knee joints, and postoperative complications were observed. Results The VAS score in the post‐anesthesia care unit (PACU) of the parecoxib group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P = 0.039). There was no significant difference in the demographic profiles, duration of operation, hemorrhage in surgery, postoperative hemorrhage, postoperative drainage, VAS at different time points, function of knee joints, length of hospital stay, use of salvaging analgesia, and postoperative drug consumption through the PCA between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion In preemptive multimodal analgesia regimens, parecoxib sodium can significantly decrease the VAS score in the short term, relieve pain shortly after surgery, and does not increase the incidence of complications. Parecoxib sodium is a safe and effective drug in the perioperative analgesic management for TKA.
Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a well-accepted surgical treatment for terminal hip diseases. Objective: To evaluate the effect of preemptive analgesia with parecoxib in patients undergoing primary unilateral THA. Study Design: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Setting: This study was conducted at Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Beijing Jishuitan Hospital in Beijing, China. Methods: A total of 94 patients scheduled for primary unilateral THA in 2 centers (Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Beijing Jishuitan Hospital) were randomly assigned to receive 40 mg parecoxib (n = 48) or 0.9% normal saline solution (n = 46) 30 minutes before incision. All patients received standardized intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) postoperatively. Preoperative baseline data, surgery-related conditions, postoperative Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain score, cumulative narcotic consumption of PCA, and complications were compared between the parecoxib group and the placebo group. Results: There were no significant differences in postoperative VAS pain score, cumulative narcotic consumption of PCA, proportion of analgesic remedy, and complications between the 2 groups. Limitations: Only a single dose of parecoxib was used without including a dose-dependent control group. Conclusion: A single dose of parecoxib 30 minutes before incision did not provide effective preemptive analgesia for the management of postoperative pain after primary unilateral THA. The possible effect of preemptive analgesia with parecoxib needs further investigation. Key words: Total hip arthroplasty, pain, parecoxib, COX-2 selective inhibitor, preemptive analgesia, clinical trial, patient-controlled analgesia, analgesics
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.