A novel gold-catalyzed intermolecular oxidation of o-ethynylanilines has been developed. A range of functionalized 3-oxyindoles are readily accessed by utilizing this strategy. Importantly, this gold-catalyzed oxidative process outcompetes the typical indole formation.

SUMMARY Brassica napus is an important oilseed crop in the world, and the mechanism of seed oil biosynthesis in B. napus remains unclear. In order to study the mechanism of oil biosynthesis and generate germplasms for breeding, an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutant population with ~100 000 M2 lines was generated using Zhongshuang 11 as the parent line. The EMS‐induced genome‐wide mutations in M2−M4 plants were assessed. The average number of mutations including single nucleotide polymorphisms and insertion/deletion in M2−M4 was 21 177, 28 675 and 17 915, respectively. The effects of the mutations on gene function were predicted in M2−M4 mutants, respectively. We screened the seeds from 98 113 M2 lines, and 9415 seed oil content and fatty acid mutants were identified. We further confirmed 686 mutants with altered seed oil content and fatty acid in advanced generation (M4 seeds). Five representative M4 mutants with increased oleic acid were re‐sequenced, and the potential causal variations in FAD2 and ROD1 genes were identified. This study generated and screened a large scale of B. napus EMS mutant population, and the identified mutants could provide useful genetic resources for the study of oil biosynthesis and genetic improvement of seed oil content and fatty acid composition of B. napus in the future.

Land use change has a significant impact on the structure and function of ecosystems, and the transformation of ecosystems affects the mode and efficiency of land use, which reflects a mutual interaction relationship. The prediction and simulation of future land use change can enhance the foresight of land use planning, which is of great significance to regional sustainable development. In this study, future land use changes are characterized under an ecological optimization scenario based on the grey prediction (1,1) model (GM) and a future land use simulation (FLUS) model. In addition, the ecosystem service value (ESV) of Anhui Province from 1995 to 2030 were estimated based on the revised estimation model. The results indicate the following details: (1) the FLUS model was used to simulate the land use layout of Anhui Province in 2018, where the overall accuracy of the simulation results is high, indicating that the FLUS model is applicable for simulating future land use change; (2) the spatial layout of land use types in Anhui Province is stable and the cultivated land has the highest proportion. The most significant characteristic of future land use change is that the area of cultivated land continues to decrease while the area of built-up land continues to expand; and (3) the ESV of Anhui Province is predicted to increase in the future. The regulating service is the largest ESV contributor, and water area is the land use type with the highest proportion of ESV. These findings provide reference for the formulation of sustainable development policies of the regional ecological environment.

Abstract-In this paper, an efficient wireless power transfer (WPT) system integrating with highly sub-wavelength metamaterials is proposed.The negative refractive index (NRI) and negative permeability (MNG) metamaterials for operation at radio frequencies are designed and applied to WPT system for improvement of power transfer efficiency. A dual-layer design which consists of a planar spiral on one side and a meander line touching with narrow metallic strips on the other side produces the properties of effective negative permittivity and permeability simultaneously, i.e., negative refractive index. In addition, the structure of double spirals produces a negative permeability. The cell size of the NRI and MNG metamaterials is about 253 times smaller than the operation wavelength. By integrating one, two, three or four metamaterial slabs between the two coupling copper rings, the transfer efficiency is improved significantly. The measured results show that the contribution of high transfer efficiency is due to the property of negative permeability which can make the WPT system work in the mechanism of magnetic resonance.