Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) as
an accumulative emerging persistent
organic pollutant in crops poses severe threats to human health. Lettuce
varieties that accumulate a lower amount of PFOS (low-accumulating
crop variety, LACV) have been identified, but the regarding mechanisms
remain unsolved. Here, rhizospheric activation, uptake, translocation,
and compartmentalization of PFOS in LACV were investigated in comparison
with those of high-accumulating crop variety (HACV) in terms of rhizospheric
forms, transporters, and subcellular distributions of PFOS. The enhanced
PFOS desorption from the rhizosphere soils by dissolved organic matter
from root exudates was observed with weaker effect in LACV than in
HACV. PFOS root uptake was controlled by a transporter-mediated passive
process in which low activities of aquaporins and rapid-type anion
channels were corrected with low expression levels of PIPs (PIP1–1 and PIP2–2) and ALMTs (ALMT10 and ALMT13) genes in LACV roots. Higher PFOS proportions in
root cell walls and trophoplasts caused lower root-to-shoot transport
in LACV. The ability to cope with PFOS toxicity to shoot cells was
poorer in LACV relative to HACV since PFOS proportions were higher
in chloroplasts but lower in vacuoles. Our findings provide novel
insights into PFOS accumulation in lettuce and further understanding
of multiprocess mechanisms of LACV.
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