Sixty-eight patients suffering from conjunctival melanoma were treated by beta-irradiation. The dose given ranged between 15,000 and 20,000 rd at the tumor surface. In 75% the therapy was successful. In 67,4% the melanoma could be cured by beta-irradiation alone with a follow-up period between three and ten years. The lethality rate from proven metastases was only 6.2%. The regression time after beta-therapy, as a rule, exceeded several months. Beta-rays can be used either primarily or after tumor excision. Care should be taken that the applicator covers all the tissue containing tumor cells.
The incidence of malignant tumors of the eye (ICD 172.1, 173.1 and 190) was calculated from the data of the National Cancer Registry of the GDR. Malignant tumors of the lid represent 1.4% and malignant tumors of the eye 0.3% of all malignant tumors registered. This corresponds to an incidence of intraocular tumors of about 1.0 per 100 000 inhabitants, and an incidence of lid tumors of approx. 4.7 per 100 000. The standardized incidence of malignant tumors of the eye shows no statistically significant change, at 0.85 (1966-1970) and 0.93 (1971-1980) in men and 0.70 and 0.73 in women. The incidence of melanomas of the lid is also unchanged in both sexes. The mean incidence of retinoblastoma in both boys and girls is 0.54 (1961-1980) based on 100 000 children less than 10 years old. The diminution in the incidence of retinoblastoma in recent years is not statistically significant.
In a 65-year-old woman with a choroidal melanoma of the choroid a unilateral pseudoretinitis pigmentosa was detected by ophthalmoscopy. Histological examination revealed a mixed-cell type of malignant melanoma with melanophages and proliferation of pigment epithelium spreading over the inner surface of the retina, with seedings into the vitreous.
Report on 8 cases with spontaneous arrest of retinoblastoma. The incidence was 3.2% which is approximately 1000 times more than in other malignant tumors. Multifocal lesions suggesting that this form of "regression" may not be a regression at all. Spontaneous arrest of retinoblastoma is obviously a lesion of low malignant potential. The presence of a spontaneous arrest of retinoblastoma necessitates genetic counselling and examinations of the eyes in the offspring. Synonymous names are: 1. Spontane Rückbildung eines Retinoblastoms (spontaneous regression of retinoblastoma), 2. Retinoma, 3. Retinocytoma, 4. benign variant of retinoblastoma, 5. spontaneous arrest of retinoblastoma, 6. spontaneous cure of retinoblastoma.
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