Artificial insemination is a critical component of animal breeding programs. The effectiveness of artificial insemination, on the other hand, is highly dependent on the consistency of the sperm. As a result, sperm preservation is critical for the storage and protection of animal genetic resources. Several experiments on the cryopreservation of chickens have failed miserably, but there is no evidence of such a research being conducted with FUNAAB alpha chickens. This experiment used 30 FUNAAB-alpha chickens of 25-30 weeks old. Semen samples were diluted in a Tris-based extender and stored in an electric freezer for 24 hours in refrigeration and freezing. The experiment was set up in a 3x2 factorial arrangement. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data. As compared to the freezing protocol, the results showed that semen samples subjected to refrigeration protocols had higher (p<0.05) percentages in motility, livability, acrosome integrity, membrane integrity, and recovery rates. Refrigeration decreased sperm abnormality (p<0.05) as compared to freezing. When compared to refrigeration, freezing resulted in lower leukocyte and MDA levels (p<0.05). The study found that refrigerated spermatozoa had higher sperm viability than those frozen.       L'insémination artificielle est une composante essentielle des programmes d'élevage des animaux. L'efficacité de l'insémination artificielle, d'autre part, dépend fortement de la consistance du sperme. En conséquence, la préservation du sperme est essentielle pour le stockage et la protection des ressources génétiques animales. Plusieurs expériences sur la cryoconservation des poulets ont échoué lamentablement, mais il n'y a aucune preuve d'une telle recherche menée avec des poulets alpha de FUNNAB. Cette expérience a utilisé 30 poulets alpha de FUNAAB de 25-30 semaines. Des échantillons de sperme ont été dilués dans une extension à base de tris et stockés dans un congélateur électrique pendant 24 heures en réfrigération et en gel. L'expérience a été mise en place dans un arrangement 3x2 factoriel. L'ANOVA à sens unique a été utilisée pour analyser les données. Par rapport au protocole de congélation, les résultats ont montré que les échantillons de sperme soumis à des protocoles de réfrigération étaient plus élevés (p <0,05) pour les pourcentages de la motilité, de la vie privilégiable, de l'intégrité acrosomère, de l'intégrité de la membrane et des taux de récupération. La réfrigération a diminué d'anomalie de sperme (p <0,05) par rapport au gel. Par rapport à la réfrigération, la congélation a abouti à des niveaux de leucocyte inférieur et de MDA (P <0,05). L'étude a révélé que les spermatozoïdes réfrigérants avaient une viabilité de sperme plus élevée que celles gelées.

Background: The quest for organic agriculture has necessitated the search for natural products which are abundant in phytochemicals and have significant therapeutic effects. This study was carried out to investigate the nutritional and ethno-medicinal potentials of egg-lime-molasses mixture (ELM). Methods: Fresh eggs were placed in a bowl after which 1 liter of lime juice and 500 g of molasses were added into the same bowl, then it was covered tightly and left for 10 days at temperature of 27°C and relative humidity of 61%. At the end of 10 days, the egg shells were dissolved into solution and then blended together. The mixture was then analyzed for proximate composition, phytochemicals, minerals and vitamins. The analyses were investigated in accordance with standard procedures. Result: Proximate analysis of ELM indicated the presence of moisture content (19.60%), crude protein (15.20%), lipids (5.50%), ash (14.60%), crude fibre (9.60%), carbohydrates (35.20%), fatty acid (4.40%) and energy (1060.30 Kcal/100 kg). Phytochemical screening revealed that ELM contained alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponin, steroids, phenols, terpenoides, tannin and antraquinones. Quantitative evaluation of the phytochemicals showed that ELM contained alkaloids (8.46 mg/100 g), flavonoids (2.30 mg/100 g), glycosides (0.08 mg/100g), Saponin (5.25 mg/100 g), steroids (0.22 mg/l00 g), phenols (0.09 mg/100 g), terpenoides (0.56 mg/100 g), tannin (8.34 mg/100g) and antraquinones (1.60 mg/100 g) and the vitamin constituents are Vitamin A (3.20 mg/100 g), Vitamin B1(280 mg/100 g), Vitamin B2 (880 mg/100 g), Vitamin B3 (340 mg/100 g), Vitamin C (15.40 mg/100 g) and Vitamin E (0.015 mg/100 g). Mineral analysis showed that it contained calcium (29.95%), magnesium (4.08%), potassium (23.20%), sodium (0.38%), phosphorus (6.90%), chlorine (0.30%), manganese (1.44 ppm), iron (3.60 ppm), aluminum (5.35%), titanium (2.10 ppm) and silicon (22.70 ppm). It was concluded that ELM is rich in various nutrients and phytochemicals conferring it the ability to perform multiple biological activities and as a natural alternative to antibiotics especially in monogastric animal production.

This study assesses the nexus between livelihood diversification, technology adoption and food security status among rice farm households in the Ogun State. A multistage sampling technique was used to select two Agricultural Development Programme zones (Ikenne and Abeokuta zones) in the state. Purposive selection of two blocks per zone based on the concentration of rice farmers was done. Six farming cells were randomly selected from each block making a total of twenty-four (24) farming cells, seven rice farmers were randomly selected from each farming community giving a sample size of 168 rice farmers. A well-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Out of the 168-questionnaire administered, 158 of it was gotten and used for the study. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Simpson index for livelihood diversification and logit regression model. From the results, the age group 36-45 years is the modal category with 32.9% which was followed by 26-35 years with 27.9 percent. A large percentage (32.9) of the farmers had no formal education, 40.5 percent had school certificate, 20.3 percent had primary education, while 6.3 percent had tertiary education. Most farmers in the study area had extension agent at least once in every two months. The coefficients of age and education were found to be significant with the age carrying negative sign. It was concluded that rice farmers education in the study area was one of the major factors needed to improve their skills on other form of livelihood in order to enhance their well-being. It was recommended that young people should be encouraged to diversify their livelihood. The farmers should be educated on ways to diversify their livelihood. Credit facilities should be made available for the farm household either by the government or private parastatals to enhance farming activities. Production assets of the rice farmers in the study area should be improved on.

One of the largest growing agro-based industries in the world is poultry. The industry is faced with the

The need to diversify the Nigerian economy calls for value chain development of the agricultural and livestock sector. The main purpose of the study is to seek additional source of income for poultry producers through the processing of selected poultry by-products in the study area. A baseline study of poultry enterprises was carried out in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria using a purposive sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used in the collection of data and data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis and Logit regression. The result showed and exhibited a gross margin ratio of 82.9% indicating profitability of enterprise. The regression result revealed that the adoption of poultry by-products processing was by different factors at different level of significance in organic fertilizer was influence. The study revealed that the respondents ranked high cost of machineries (25%) as the major problem encountered by them. It was recommended that awareness should be intensified on management poultry by-products; encouragement of Public-Private Partnership (PPP), towards the provision of adequate infrastructure need for commercialization of poultry by-products processing in Nigeria.