The superconductivity properties of cylinder with nano cross-section are investigated. In the nearest neighbours approximation, electron Hamiltonian of cylinder decays onto two independent Hamiltonians. One corresponds to electrons which propagate along chains parallel to the axis of cylinder. Second correspond to electrons moving in discs. The electron-phonon interaction Hamiltonians are found and superconductive properties were examined in the frames of BCS approach. It was shown that superconductive temperature in chains is several Kelvins, while in discs it can be higher for two orders of magnitude. It is also shown that magnetic field produced by electron currents in discs is of the order of thousand Tesla, i.e., extremely high.
The method of evaluation of broken-symmetry Green's function is presented. This method was applied to electron subsystem of a thin film. It was found that electron concentrations are spatially dependent and their spatial distribution proves the existence of skin effect. The skin effect is most expressed in the films of minimal thickness. The internal energy of electrons lying in the film Fermi volume, decreases with the increase of temperature. It is the consequence of the Pauli principle, which does not allow change of electron velocities. Introduced heat increases electron effective masses and this leads to the decrease of internal energy. : 61.46.+w, 61.50.Ah,
PACS
Automatic identification of humans based on their fingerprints is still one of the most reliable identification methods in criminal and forensic applications, and is widely applied in civil applications as well. Most automatic systems available today use distinctive fingerprint features called minutiae for fingerprint comparison. Conventional feature extraction algorithm can produce a large number of spurious minutiae if fingerprint pattern contains large regions of broken ridges (often called creases). This can drastically reduce the recognition rate in automatic fingerprint identification systems. We can say that for performance of those systems it is more important not to extract spurious (false) minutia even though it means some genuine might be missing as well. In this paper multiscale directional information obtained from orientation field image is used to filter those spurious minutiae, resulting in multiple decrease of their number.
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