Assessments of the impact of new land use development on the transportation network often rely on the ITE Trip Generation Manual informational report. Current ITE rates generally represent travel behavior for separated, single-use developments in low-density suburban areas. However, a more compact urban form, access to transit, and a greater mix of uses are known to generate fewer and shorter vehicle trips—and quite possibly more trips overall, especially in heavily urbanized areas like Washington, D.C. Local and national interest exists for generating data that expand upon existing trip rates (and similar parking generation rates) to include sites in diverse, dense contexts. The lack of adequate data on multimodal urban trip generation led the District Department of Transportation in Washington, D.C., to develop and test a streamlined methodology that meets the needs of practitioners who are evaluating the transportation impacts of new developments in dense, multimodal environments. This methodology focuses on capturing all trips to and from a site and the mode of all travelers, not just personal vehicle trips. The methodology was tested at mixed-use multifamily residential buildings but is intended for future use at a wide range of sites. This paper presents the methodology and rationale for a robust national data collection effort.
There is a widespread belief that the available tools for predicting travel impacts of urban development are not as strong as they could be. The implications are that cities ( a) may be hindered in developing appropriate travel impact mitigations, ( b) lack good information to communicate to existing residents about potential travel impacts of proposed development, and ( c) with better tools would be able to make stronger policy on the basis of more reliable understanding of development impacts. The most frequently used tool for estimating travel impacts is the ITE informational report on vehicle trip generation. The ITE report contains information primarily on single-use suburban automobile-oriented environments. As travel characteristics are inherently different in urban areas, a wide body of research has sought to create additional data-driven tools to estimate multimodal trip impacts of developments on the basis of urban-context characteristics. This paper compares the estimated trip generation outputs of the ITE and other models to field counts and surveys conducted for the District Department of Transportation at 16 locations in Washington, D.C. The findings here support the widely held belief that existing tools are not well suited to trip generation estimation in urban contexts. The paper is part of a larger study effort that seeks to develop a robust data set of urban trip generation that will be a foundation in the creation of better models.
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