Graphene provides a new opportunity for thermoelectric study based on its unique heat transfer behavior controlled by the gate voltage. In this paper, an effective thermal conductivity model of graphene for thermoelectric cooling is proposed. The model is based on a double-voltage-controll mechanism. According to the law of Fourier heat conduction, an effective thermal conductivity model of thermoelectric cooling elements is derived with tunable external applied voltage. Combining with the voltage modulation characteristic for thermoelectric parameters, the regulation law of overall module thermal conductivity model is obtained with double-voltage-controlled feature. This model can be synchronously regulated by the gate voltage and external applied voltage. To verify correctness and effectiveness of the proposed model, a circuit simulation model using HSPICE tool is built based on the thermoelectric duality. The results show that the relative error between the proposed effective thermal conductivity and circuit simulation model is only 4% with the separately controlled external applied voltage at the maximum temperature difference. While the relative error between them approaches to 15% in the stable interval for Seebeck coefficient when the thermoelectric module is independently controlled by the gate voltage. This work can provide an additional way for solving the precise control of the performance for thermoelectric devices. Index Terms-Double-voltage-control mechanism, effective thermal conductivity model, graphene, thermoelectric cooling. I. INTRODUCTION HE demands for higher data rate of SoC (System on chip) led to a continuously increasing power consumption and thus more heat dissipation on chips [1-3]. The resultant high
A novel triple-mode bandpass filter using an open-loop slotline resonator in a defected ground waveguide is presented. Distinct characteristics of the triple-mode resonator are investigated by using even-odd mode analysis. The proposed filter has been designed, fabricated and measured. Good agreement between simulation and measurement verifies the validity of this design methodology.
A planer millimetre-wave dual-band bandpass filter with multitransmission zeros is proposed for 5G application. This filter includes two dual-mode open-loop resonators. The U-shape nonresonating node is employed to generate an extra coupling path. Finally, a dual-band bandpass filter with five transmission zeros is obtained. The filter is fabricated and measured. Good agreement between simulation and measurement is obtained.
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