Long-term tillage and fertilization system have a strong impact on earthworms biomass and abundance in agriculture soils, however, enumerating their influence on mungbean plantation remains little studied. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of continous tillage and fertilization and their interaction on earthworms biomass and abundance under mungbean plantations. Two factors of treatments consisted of tillage system (minimum tillage and intensive tillage) and fertilization (without fertilization and fertilization by NPK (15:15:15) + chicken manure) what has been done since the first (2017) to sixth planting season (2020). The handsorting method was conducted at vegetative maximum and harvest time of mungbeans. The results show that the abundance and biomass of earthworms are significantly higher in minimum tillage compared to intensive tillage as well as fertilization compare to without fertilization. The greatest earthworms biomass and abundance were found in the maximum vegetative of mungbean. The interaction effect occurred at the maximum vegetative observation, namely in intensive tillage, there was no effect of fertilization, on the contrary, at minimum tillage, fertilization increased the abundance and biomass of earthworms. As a consequence, our results indicate that minimum tillage and fertilization significantly improve soil biological quality.
In the production process of bogie, welding is one of the important production technologies. To study and control the welding deformation of bogie frame side beam to make the deformation value within a reasonable range has very important practical significance for the production of bogie side beam. The research content of this paper will take high-speed EMU bogie frame side beam as the research object. Set different web spacing, compare the welding deformation value, explore the influence of structural stiffness on the welding deformation of side beam, and use MATLAB software to curve fitting the welding deformation value, the research shows the distribution law of transverse, longitudinal, vertical and comprehensive welding deformation, and fits the mathematical equation between the web spacing L and longitudinal deformation SX, vertical deformation SY, transverse deformation SZ In this paper.
The welding deformation directly affects the production quality and service life of the bogie, so controlling welding deformation is an important engineering problem in the production process of the bogie. In this paper, the side beam of freight train bogie is taken as the research object, the heat source of the local joint mode is checked based on the thermal elastic-plastic theory and the plastic strains are extracted to establish the inherent strain database with the welding simulation software.Then, the welding deformation of the whole side beam is carried out by using the inherent strain method based on thermal elastic-plastic theory. By quantitative analysis of the displacement deformation, the results show that simulation numerical results are similar to factory experimental data. At the same time the rationality and reliability of the established inherent strain database are verified. It is also proved that the inherent strain method based on thermal elastic-plastic theory is a fast and effective way to predict the welding deformation, which provides technical support for the prediction and control of the welding deformation of the whole frame of the fast freight train.
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