No abstract

The present study demonstrates that knowledge about national guideline and reimbursement policies, training programs, perceptions about effectiveness and safety of influenza vaccine increase HCWs' willingness to recommend the influenza vaccination to diabetic patients. These measures should be taken to ensure HCWs' role in the administration of influenza vaccination among diabetic patients.

No abstract

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is a devastating disease that often leads to death and detrimental neurological deficits. The present study was designed to evaluate the ability of metformin to provide neuroprotection in a model of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and to study the associated molecular mechanisms behind these protective effects. Here, we found that metformin treatment remarkably attenuated brain infarct volumes and brain edema at 24 h after HI injury, and the neuroprotection of metformin was associated with inhibition of neuronal apoptosis, suppression of the neuroinflammation and amelioration of the blood brain barrier breakdown. Additionally, metformin treatment conferred long-term protective against brain damage at 7 d after HI injury. Our study indicates that metformin treatment protects against neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and thus has potential as a therapy for this disease.

Wound healing, especially for diabetic wounds, is a lengthy and complicated process involving interactions and responses at the protein, cell, and tissue levels. Loading of growth factors into a hydrogel to construct a sustained‐release system is considered a promising approach to improve wound healing. The present study investigates the effect of thermosensitive heparin‐poloxamer (HP) hydrogel–encapsulated recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 21 (rhFGF21) on wound healing in mice with streptozotocin‐induced diabetes mellitus. First, we studied the in vitro release of rhFGF21 from the rhFGF21‐HP coacervate. The results showed that HP might control the release of rhFGF21. Next, we examined the effect of rhFGF21‐HP on skin wound healing in diabetic mice. Our data showed that rhFGF21‐HP significantly improved wound closure; promoted granulation, collagen deposition, and re‐epithelialization; and enhanced the expression of CD31. Moreover, rhFGF21‐HP had obvious advantages in diabetic wound healing. Therefore, the results suggest that the rhFGF21‐HP hydrogel polymer plays an important role in skin wound healing. This work provides a suitable sustained‐release delivery system that can continuously release rhFGF21 and presents a promising therapeutic strategy for wound healing in patients with diabetes.—Liu, H., Zhao, Y., Zou, Y., Huang, W., Zhu, L., Liu, F., Wang, D., Guo, K., Hu, J., Chen, J., Ye, L., Li, X., Lin, L. Heparin‐poloxamer hydrogel–encapsulated rhFGF21 enhances wound healing in diabetic mice. FASEB J. 33, 9858–9870 (2019). http://www.fasebj.org

Background In China, enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the major etiological agents of hand foot mouth disease that poses severe risks to children’s health. Since 2015, three inactivated EV71 vaccines have been approved for use. Previous studies indicated the high willingness of EV71 vaccination in eastern China. However, few studies have assessed coverage and utilization patterns of EV71 vaccine in China. Methods Children born during 2012–2018 were sampled and their records were abstracted from Ningbo childhood immunization information management system. Descriptive statistics characterized the study population and assessed coverage and timeliness for EV71 vaccination. Simultaneous administration patterns as well as type of EV71 vaccine used were also evaluated. Bivariate and multivariable analysis was used to examine the relationship of socio-demographic characteristics with vaccination coverage and timeliness. Results Of 716,178 children living in Ningbo. One hundred seventy-two thousand two hundred thirty-six received EV71 vaccine with a coverage rate of 24.05% and only 8.61% received vaccination timely. 21.97% of children received the complete two dose EV71 series but only 6.49% completed timely. Vaccination coverage and timeliness increased significantly from 2012 birth cohort to 2018 birth cohort. Relatively higher coverage and timeliness were observed in resident children, Inner districts, high socioeconomic areas and large-scaled immunization clinics. Of 329,569 doses of EV71 vaccine, only 5853(1.78%) doses were administered at the same day as other vaccines. Conclusions There is a need for increasing EV71 vaccination coverage and timeliness as well as eliminating disparities among different populations. Our study highlights the importance of simultaneous administration to increasing coverage and timeliness of EV71 vaccination.

We define a weak quantum Borcherds superalgebra nqd(G), which is a weak Hopf superalgebra. We also discuss the basis and the highest weight modules of nqd(G). Then we study the weak A-form and the classical limit of nqd(G).

This paper further studies thepth moment exponential stability of stochastic pulse-width-modulated (PWM) feedback systems with distributed time-varying delays. We establish several globally exponential stability criteria for such PWM feedback systems by using Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional and then present an upper bound of the parameter of PWM when the system is stable and such system has stronger anti-interference performance than the system without time-varying delays. Furthermore, we present two examples to show the effectiveness and conservativeness of the theoretical results.