The burden of Alzheimer's dementia greatly impacts patients and their immediate families. Studies on the perspective of caretakers regarding nutrition in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia are lacking. Yet this information is needed to guide clinical care for patients with dementia. The study explored caretakers' perspective on nutritional challenges faced by patients with Alzheimer's disease and related Dementias at Butabika National Referral Hospital. Methods: We conducted 20 in-depth interviews and 2 focus group discussions with 20 health workers and 16 caregivers, respectively. The focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Analysis was conducted using a thematic, constant comparative approach with an emphasis on dominant themes. Results: Participants had a mean age of 37 in the range (27-44) years. Seventeen (47%) of them were males. Their duration of Care for Dementia to patients was in the range (2-7) years. The highest level of education was a bachelor's degree and the primary level was the lowest. Thirteen (35%) were married and twenty-three (65%) were not, and they either survived on salaries or wages as a source of income. The key emerging issues were 1) hindrances to nutritional care in dementia, 2). Factors leading to inadequate nutrition among people with dementia and 3). Recommendations to improve nutrition needs. Conclusion: Caretakers experience challenges ranging from psychotic manifestations of a patient to hindrances in the provision of nutritional care. A better understanding of their experience is essential for the development of interventions to help the family members, health workers and other care takers promote good nutrition in patients with Alzheimer's dementia. A clear referral system should be established to prevent overcrowding of patients at a mental national referral hospital to ensure adequate timely nutritional support to those admitted. Capacity building programs should continue to address the knowledge gap in nutritional requirements of patients with Alzheimer's dementia.
Background: Anemia in pregnancy is associated with several adverse outcomes for mothers and newborns, as well as their families. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of anaemia and the associated factors among pregnant women in Rwanda. Methods: Secondary data were from the 2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS). Multistage stratified sampling was used to select 435 pregnant women included in the study. Anaemia among pregnant women was considered as a haemoglobin value <11 g/dL. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the associated factors with anaemia in pregnancy, using SPSS (version 25). Results: Of the 435 pregnant women, 24.6%, (95%CI: 21.1-29.3) were anaemic. Not working (AOR=1.90, 95%CI: 1.08-3.33), being unmarried (AOR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.24-3.57), low wealth index (AOR=2.94, 95%CI: 1.19-7.30), second pregnancy trimester (AOR=1.36, 95%CI: 1.16-4.00), having big problems with distance to a nearby health facility (AOR= 2.34, 95%CI: 1.21-4.54), and normal body mass index (AOR=3.02, 95%CI: 1.63-5.60) were associated with higher odds of being anaemic. Having no health insurance (AOR=0.23, 95%CI: 0.06-0.91), being from the southern region (AOR=0.23, 95%CI: 0.08-0.68), and low husband/partner's education (AOR=0.24,95%CI: 0.06-0.97) were, however, associated with lower odds of being anaemic. Conclusions: Study findings indicate a high prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy, which was associated with several socio-demographics. There is a need for setting up mobile clinics and health facilities in hard-to-reach areas for easy accessibility to early anaemia screening services. Conducting mass screening for anaemia targeting pregnant women who are not working, the unmarried, those with a low wealth index, and those in their second pregnancy trimester would also be beneficial.
Background The overwhelming coronavirus disease- 2019 (COVID-19) cases have called for inevitable home-based care for some cases and direct involvement in COVID-19 dead body burials by many families worldwide. However, data on the knowledge and readiness by families for these practices is still scarce, hence this study among residents of Wakiso district, Uganda. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study between 6th March and 4th April 2021. Household heads aged 15years and above in 5 sub counties of Wakiso district were interviewed using a pre-tested questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between COVID-19 related knowledge on home-based care and burials with demographics characteristics. Results We enrolled 205 participants, with a median age of 28 (range: 25–35) years. Majority (n = 157, 76.6%) were female and had achieved at least secondary level of education (n = 117, 57.1%). The mean knowledge score on home-based care for COVID-19 patient was 49.5 %, while that on COVID-19 dead body management was 36.5%. Seven (3.4%) respondents were ready to undertake home-based care and dead body management. For the remainder 198 (96.6%) unready respondents reported inadequate knowledge (n = 166, 84%) and lack of personal protective equipment (PPE) (n = 17, 8.6%) as major barriers for their readiness. There was no statistically significant difference in both the knowledge on home-based COVID-19 patient care and dead body management stratified by demographics characteristics. Conclusion The knowledge and preparedness for home-based Covid-19 patient care and dead body management are suboptimal among Wakiso district residents. More public education programmes and PPE provision are recommended.
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