-We report two patients with bacterial brain abscesses whose etiological diagnosis was correctly proposed by association of diffusion weighted images (DWI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) with conventional MRI. Both patients presented ring enhancing lesions with evidences of restricted diffusion. On MRS, the abscess caused by aerobic bacteria presented lactate and aminoacids peaks and the abscess caused by anaerobic facultative bacteria showed also acetate and succinate peaks. These results are in agreement with an unique previous study that related MRS pattern with bacterial etiology. Conventional MRI, associated with DWI and MRS is effective in diagnosing bacterial abscess and promising in exploring its etiology.KEY WORDS: pyogenic bacterial abscess, spectroscopy, diffusion, magnetic resonance. Espectroscopia por ressonância magnética no diagnóstico e definição etiológica dos abscessos bacterianos cerebraisRESUMO -Apresentamos dois pacientes com abscessos bacterianos cerebrais cujos diagnósticos etiológicos foram corretamente auxiliados pela associação de difusão e espectroscopia à ressonância magnética convencional. Ambos apresentavam lesões com captação anelar de contraste e evidências de restrição à difusão de moléculas de água. Na espectroscopia, o abscesso causado por bactéria aeróbia apresentou picos de lactato e aminoácidos, enquanto o abscesso causado por bactéria anaeróbia facultativa mostrou, além destes, picos de acetato e succinato. Tais resultados concordam com um único estudo prévio que relacionou o padrão de espectroscopia nos abscessos com sua etiologia bacteriana. A ressonância magnética convencional, associada à difusão e à espectroscopia é uma técnica eficiente no diagnóstico de abscessos bacterianos e promissora em explorar suas etiologias. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: abscesso cerebral piogênico, espectroscopia, difusão, ressonância magnética.
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