This
paper investigates maximum spreading associated with liquid
drop impact on a solid surface. By use of high-speed video, the transient
spreading with fluids of water, butanol, and ethanol is observed and
analyzed to further clarify the assumptions made in many modeling
studies. Fluid properties have considerable effects on spreading,
in which viscosity is relegated to a secondary role compared to surface
tension in the spreading magnitude. Several commonly used predicting
methods for the maximum spreading factor are assessed based on a consolidated
database consisting of 213 data points amassed from 11 sources. A
practical formula with quite good precision for predicting the maximum
spreading scale of the fluids with low viscosity of μf < 0.01 Pa·s is obtained. A new formula for dimensionless
time related to maximum spreading is also provided based on the measured
data of fluids with high surface tension.
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