This article develops hypotheses that raising the level of legal culture can serve as an effective instrument in maintaining sustainable development, social stability and territorial integrity. Legal culture should be considered as a regulator and stabilizer of social relations, both in individual countries and at the international level. It is necessary to consider legal culture in conjunction with morality, ethical, economic and political values and priorities. The study has concluded that creation of the democratic state of law and civil society is impossible without raising the level of legal culture. Creation of a strategy for raising the level of legal culture of the population is becoming a priority task, since it will allow forming the functions of the legal culture in the implementation of the national security policy in the socio-economic, political and regional spheres, preserving historical heritage and territorial integrity of Ukraine, overcoming internal and external threats to its stable state and legal development. Keywords: Legal culture, legal awareness, social stability, sustainable development
In the world, there are many options for effective technology of growing piglets from birth to fattening. In connection with this, in today's time there is a constant improvement of the feeder for pigs with the aim of feeding an expensive superstarter feed. The purpose of the studies was to study the effect of the type of self-feeder for pigs from the beginning of training (5th day of life of the pig) to feeding super-starter mixed fodders before transferring to growth (the 35th day of life of the pig) for productive qualities (live weight, average daily increments, indicator of safety). The scientific and economic experience was conducted in the conditions of LLC «Taurian pigs» of the Kherson region. Young for the experiment received according to the scheme: the mother's form (Ukrainian meat х landrace) – the father's form (petren х dyurok). The experimental youngsters were divided into two groups: Group I used for feed of mixed fodder «Type 1» self-feeder (conventional bunker feeder) Group II – self-feeder «Type No. 2» (own advanced development) was used for feeding mixed fodder. The self-developed feeder is made in the form of a hollow cylinder, in the lower part of which there is a compartment for sorbent or flavor, closed with a perforated circular plate with a cylindrical projection, in the middle – feed cells sufficient for the pig's head to move, and in the top – a cover. And the size of the perforation is such that it prevents spillage into the compound feed compartment. According to the results of the conducted studies, it was established that the use of the first proposed improved feeder for feeding young pigs during the suckling period and the first stage of growth provided the results of live weight at the age of 35 days (III and IV test groups) by 10.8% and 17.2% above the analogues of Groups I and II, who consumed feed from a conventional bunker self-feeder, this led to the receipt of the highest average daily growth rates – by 16.7–26.2%. It is noted that the local animals with the blood of Duroc boars were marked by a little higher energy of growth. When carrying out a two-factor analysis of variance, the probable effect of an improved self-feeder and genotype on the test features was determined.
Goal. To study the effectiveness of using foreign and domestic equipment and develop innovative machines for housing lactating sows and suckling piglets. Methods. zootechnical, statistical and monographic analysis of research on the problematic issue. The research was conducted at the "Ekopharm" farm in Kherson region, which specializes in rearing breeding and commercial pigs. The results. In the article it is described the narrow-sized machines of foreign companies "Big Dutchment", "Egeberg", for fixed and semi-fixed housing lactating sows with suckling piglets. The disadvantages of some brands of machines for the fixed housing of lactating sows and the peculiarities of their behavior depending on the design of the machine equipment are indicated. In the article it is described the domestic machines for the semi-fixed construction of the KhDAU, OSM-60, OSM-120, TSNIPTIMEZH, Institute of Pig Breeding and AIP NAAS and fixed housing - the construction of the NUBiP; Kriukivskyi"; SSY-2, SOS F-35. According to the results of the analysis, the technical characteristics of the developed innovative machines are given, which provide the prevention of rank stress after weaning piglets and increase their growth energy. The yield of products per 1 m2 in SP-4FK machines with a rearing duration of 65 days, compared to OSM-60 machines, increased by 105.5%. When growing up to 90 days of age, the yield of products per 1 m2 in P-4FK machines increased by 103.39%. Conclusions. The new machine equipment has been developed for two-phase housing and combined feeding of lactating sows and suckling piglets, which contribute to increasing growth energy, the preservation of young pigs and the production output. Key words: lactating sow, suckling piglets, weaned piglets, live weight, farrowing machines, fixed housing, semi-fixed housing
У статті показані основні переваги сучасної промислової двофазної технології та умови для оптимального утримання й годівлі свиноматок і поросят. Для її успішного впровадження розроблена виробнича програма та об’ємно-планувальні рішення приміщень для вирощування молодняку на промисловій свинофермі малого типу потужністю виробництва 4000 голів молодняку в рік. Наведено показники виробничої програми виробництва свинини для ферми малого типу. Розраховані основні технологічні параметри потокового виробництва: кількість технологічних груп, тривалість перебування тварин у групі, число днів санітарного розриву. Показано розрахунок головомісць для холостих, умовно-поросних, явно-поросних, підсисних свиноматок, поросят-сисунів, поросят на дорощуванні в маточних станках, ремонтного молодняку на промисловій фермі, за умов реалізації поросят в 65 днів. Наведено об’ємно-планувальні рішення, приміщення № 1 - для утримання кнурів, холостих, умовно-поросних, поросних свиноматок і приміщення, № 2 - для утримання підсисних свиноматок і поросят-сисунів та їх дорощування до 65-денного віку. Крім того, наведено креслення загального вигляду станків для опоросу і вирощування молодняку свиней за сухого ( СП-4ФС) і комбінованого ( СП-4ФК) типу годівлі. В роботі приводиться коротка характеристика обладнання для утримання, годівлі, вентиляції, гноєвидалення та очищення забрудненого повітря. Наведена порівняльна характеристика ефективності проектно-технологічних рішень приміщення для утримання підсисних свиноматок і молодняку свиней. Зокрема, в ній показано кількість станкомісць, оборот станкомісць, кількість дорощеного молодняку, отриманого з одного станкомісця за рік, валовий вихід продукції на одне станкомісце за рік, вихід продукції на 1 м2 виробничої площі за базового та нового варіантів. Розроблені проектно-технологічні і об’ємно-планувальні рішення приміщення для опоросу свиноматок і утримання відлучених поросят до 65-денного віку з новим станковим обладнанням для промислової свиноферми потужністю 4000 голів дають можливість отримати валовий вихід продукції на одне станкомісце 12,95 ц за рік та вихід продукції на 1 м2 виробничої площі 3,07 ц (проти 10,44 ц за рік і 1,39 ц у базовому варіанті, відповідно).
The advanced innovative equipment for housing the lactating sows, the suckling piglets and the weaned piglets has been developed and is intended for using in two-phase technology. The unification of machine tools provides conditions for stress-free joining up litters and housing and feeding piglets after weaning and forming new groups for rearing. It is established that the rearing of young pigs in the developed machines SP-4FS in comparison with the machines OSM-60 under the conditions of two-phase technology helps to increase the growth energy, safety of young pigs and reduce time spent on technological operations.
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