The article discusses causes, ways, and results of modifying Russian phraseological units with a letter-name component, which play a significant role in all written linguistic cultures. The relevance of the theme is proven by the sustained attention of linguists to the origin and functioning of phraseological units, the objective to comprehend the underlying processes of interacting between extralinguistic reality, including culture, and language structures, and by the social demand - the rise of interest of native Russian speakers in the national essence and history of the alphabet. The study aims at identifying causes for modification of Russian phraseological units with letter-name components, demonstrating the central role of cultural and historical factor in the modification process, analyzing modification ways and results. The material of the study includes dictionaries and text corpora, along with the authors’ own collection of examples from spontaneous speech in Russian films and digital media. Descriptive and historical-etymological methods, contextual, semantic and structural analysis, and the method of double application were used in the research. The paper argues that the main historical and cultural causes of modifications of phraseological units in question include spelling reforms, progressive methods of teaching reading and writing, language contacts of Russian speakers with people using other writing systems, changes in cultural and ideological priorities, influential works of art. The main way of modification - lexical change of the old letter name to the contemporary one - concedes to more creative ways not only in the sphere of occasional creation of phraseological units, as before, but also in common usage. As a result of this modification, former international models of phraseological units develop national features.
The purpose of the article is to determine the linguistic status of the expression Beauty will save the world and the degree of its attribution to F. Dostoyevsky in Russian. The object of the analysis is the prototypes of the winged expression Beauty will save the world and the way the expression functions in fiction and journalistic texts. The subject matter of the study is structural and semantic peculiarities of the expression and their evolution in the process of its eptonymization. The paper employs the methods of source studies and contextual analysis, historical and descriptive methods, the method of questionnaire and double applique. The results of the research prove that the expression Beauty will save the world shows signs of eptonymization. The study gives a wide linguistic and historical background to the constituents and structure of the expression Beauty will save the world and its fate in the language. Conclusions. There is only semantic similarity between the aphoristic expression originating from the novel The Idiot and its prototypes, which proves the authorship of the expression attributed to Dostoyevsky. The stereotypical idea of the text of the novel The Idiot, which has become part of the Russian linguaculture, underlies the semantics of the expression functioning in contemporary contexts as an eptonym. The aphoristic expression has developed two meanings: one linked to the interpretation of beauty as a spiritual matter, the other related to its outer manifestations. The linguistic status of the expression is proven by its multiple modifications in speech and its phrase-formation capacity. Another expression has originated from it; an expression modified by the artist N. Roerich. Practical value of the findings is their application in strengthening the suggestive potential of speech; compiling general and special dictionaries of eptonyms, quotations, aphoristic expressions; for educational purposes, as well as for fundamental research of the evolution of phraseological language system.
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