Nickel-based coatings obtained by laser melting are broadly applied for surface modification owing to their high bond strength and exceptional wear resistance. Nickel-based laser cladding coatings are also extensively employed in high temperature wear environments. In this paper, the research progress on improving the high temperature wear resistance of laser cladding nickel-based composite coatings was reviewed by introducing a hard ceramic phase, adding solid lubricants and rare earth elements. On this basis, the material system to enhance the high temperature wear resistance of coating was summarized from the perspectives of the type, addition amount, morphology and distribution law of the hard ceramic phase, etc. The synergistic effect of various lubricants on improving the high temperature wear resistance of coating was discussed, and the action mechanism of solid lubricants in the high temperature extreme environment was analyzed. Finally, this paper summarizes the main difficulties involved in increasing the high temperature wear resistance of nickel-based coatings and some problems worthy of attention in the future development.
In situ NbC-reinforced laser cladding Ni45 coatings have the advantages of high bond strengths, low dilution rates, small heat-affected zones and good wear resistance and have broad application prospects in the field of surface strengthening and repair of workpieces such as automotive molds and engine turbines. Previous studies have mostly used pure niobium powder for in situ synthesis to prepare Ni-based NbC coatings with a high production cost. In this paper, NbC was successfully synthesized in situ in Ni45 powder using inexpensive FeNb65 and Cr3C2. The prepared coating has a uniform microstructure and excellent wear resistance, and the reinforced phases are mainly NbC and Cr23C6. Coating 4# with 25 wt.% FeNb65 + Cr3C2 has the highest microhardness of 776.3HV0.2, about 1.45 times that of the Ni45 coating, and its wear resistance is 36.36 min/mg, about 60.6 times that of the Cr12MoV steel base material and about 23.76 times that of the Ni45 coating.
By adding B4C and vanadium to Ni45-Cr3C2 powder in a moderate proportion, it is found that B4C will decompose into elements B and C during laser cladding, and the lattice constants of V and Cr elements are similar, which can form (Cr,V)B2 phase with high hardness. According to the first principles calculation of the hardness of (CR1-XVx)B, it can be seen that it shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. With the addition of B4C and vanadium, the mechanical properties of the composite coating increase. When the coating composition is Ni45-30Cr3C2-9B4C-15FeV50, the average microhardness, fracture toughness and wear resistance of the composite coating increase by 22.1%, 121.6% and 54.2%, respectively. Highlights Laser cladding composite coatings with different B4C and vanadium were prepared. V and Cr elements have similar lattice constants and can form a (Cr, V)B2 phase with high hardness. The performance of the laser cladding composite coatings increased with the addition of B4C and vanadium.
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