This study presents a multihole spinneret with a metal flat electrode to obtain uniform electric field and meet a high production requirement. We demonstrate that the multihole spinneret produces finer fiber diameters and more concentrated fiber mat compared to the conventional multineedle electrospinnig system. This study focuses on the effect of the electric field distribution on the spinning process and the resultant nanofibers. The three-dimensional electric field simulation results show that the multihole spinneret creates not only a more uniform electric field, but also a stronger electric field except for the area very close to the spinneret. The measurement of the electric field verifies the simulation results. This study shows that fine fibers, as well as concentrated and thick fiber mat can be obtained by this multihole electrospinning system at a high production rate.
Background and objective
Morphological identification of peripheral leukocytes is a complex and time-consuming task, having especially high requirements for personnel expertise. This study is to investigate the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in assisting the manual leukocyte differentiation of peripheral blood.
Methods
A total of 102 blood samples that triggered the review rules of hematology analyzers were enrolled. The peripheral blood smears were prepared and analyzed by Mindray MC-100i digital morphology analyzers. Two hundreds leukocytes were located and their cell images were collected. Two senior technologists labeled all cells to form standard answers. Afterward, the digital morphology analyzer unitized AI to pre-classify all cells. Ten junior and intermediate technologists were selected to review the cells with the AI pre-classification, yielding the AI-assisted classifications. Then the cell images were shuffled and re-classified without AI. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the leukocyte differentiation with or without AI assistance were analyzed and compared. The time required for classification by each person was recorded.
Results
For junior technologists, the accuracy of normal and abnormal leukocyte differentiation increased by 4.79% and 15.16% with the assistance of AI. And for intermediate technologists, the accuracy increased by 7.40% and 14.54% for normal and abnormal leukocyte differentiation, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity also significantly increased with the help of AI. In addition, the average time for each individual to classify each blood smear was shortened by 215 s with AI.
Conclusion
AI can assist laboratory technologists in the morphological differentiation of leukocytes. In particular, it can improve the sensitivity of abnormal leukocyte differentiation and lower the risk of missing detection of abnormal WBCs.
<p>In 2006, Tianjin Municipality invited international firms to take part in a design competition for a new bridge over the 1,020 metres wide Duliujianhe River in Tianjin. The bridge location was unusual in that two navigation channels existed close to the river banks, separated by a shallow central portion. The winning scheme presented the concept of a pair of striking cable-stayed bridges each with a single needle-shaped pylon inclined towards one another, connected by a low level viaduct over the shallow portion of the river. The span arrangement of each cable-stayed bridge is 45+138+30+30m. The most spectacular part of the structure is the pair of 120m-long steel pylons inclined at an angle of 72º to the main girder, hinged at the bottom and supported by the bridge’s main piers. This paper will firstly introduce the general layout of the main bridge, and the design of the main steel and concrete girder, stayed cables and the leaning pylon. Secondly, the paper will discuss innovative structural design points which presented challenges to the designers for this longer-than-usual span for the concept selected. Finally, the construction method of this bridge will be also introduced in brief.</p>
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