Background The COVID-19 pandemic had led to severe education disruption in many countries, including for medical students (MS). We aimed to evaluate MS mental health in France and search for a difference depending on studies’ years and clinical activities. Methods In a cross-sectional, survey-based study during the first confinement, 668 (8.35%) MS were compared to 7 336 non-medical students (non-MS) (91.65%). The PHQ-9 (≥10), the GAD-7 (≥8), and the IES-R (≥26) were collected to assess depressive, anxiety, and distress symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Results MS reported significant psychological distress (depressive symptoms: 38.17%, anxiety: 38.77% and distress: 36.83%). Compared to non-MS, they reported less significant depressive (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67-0.91; P = .007) and distress symptoms (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.62-0.87; P < .001), after taking into account potential confounding variables including COVID-19 diagnosis. First year-MS reported higher rates of significant psychological distress than MS with clinical activities. Moreover, depressive symptoms’ rates were higher among MS with COVID-19 diagnosis (OR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.21-6.13; P = .016). Conclusions Special attention should be offered to first year-MS and MS with COVID-19 diagnosis. Systematic companionship could be implemented for first year MS, and systematic psychiatric/psychological consultations for students with COVID-19 diagnosis.
Nous proposons dans ce travail une analyse des processus psychiques de l’anorexie à partir des notions de symbolisation primaire et d’hallucinose. Dans cette perspective, un bref propos introductif présente les grandes caractéristiques de l’anorexie et ses processus, notamment du point de vue du modèle des transformations psychiques de Bion et la notion d’hallucinose. Le cas clinique d’une adolescente hospitalisée dans une unité de pédopsychiatrie offre une illustration des processus psychiques caractéristiques de l’anorexie dont l’analyse théorico-clinique est déclinée selon trois axes. Un premier axe concerne la compréhension de l’anorexie du point de vue d’un défaut de la fonction alpha et de la fonction contenante. Un deuxième axe porte ensuite sur la thématique de l’hyper-contrôle et l’expression de l’agressivité, tandis qu’un troisième axe développe plus avant la compréhension de l’anorexie à partir des notions d’hyperbole, d’hallucinose et de corps supérieur. La dernière partie de ce travail aborde les perspectives thérapeutiques fondées sur la notion d’hallucinose et le modèle des médiations thérapeutiques. Notre objectif est ainsi de souligner la valeur heuristique de la notion d’hallucinose aussi bien sur le plan de la compréhension des processus que de la mise en place du suivi thérapeutique auprès des patients anorexiques.
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