BackgroundThe prevalence of child obesity in Brazil has increased rapidly in recent decades. There is, therefore, an urgent need to develop effective strategies to prevent and control child obesity. In light of these considerations, an intervention program with a focus on nutrition education and physical activity was developed for to prevent and control obesity in schools. The intervention was called the TriAtiva Program: Education, Nutrition and Physical Activity. This article describes the design, randomization and method used to evaluate the TriAtiva program.Methods/designThis randomized controlled cluster trial was performed in 12 municipal schools in the city of Porto Alegre/RS (six schools in the intervention group and six control schools) which offered first- through fourth grade, during one school year. The TriAtiva Program was implemented through educational activities related to healthy eating and physical activity, creating an environment which promoted student health while involving the school community and student families. The primary outcome of the present study was body mass, while its secondary outcomes were waist circumference, percent body fat, blood pressure and behavioural variables such as eating habits and physical activity levels, as well as the prevalence, incidence and remission rates of obesity.DiscussionThe intervention was developed based on a comprehensive review of controlled trials of similar design. The TriAtiva Program: Education, Nutrition and Physical Activity was the first study in Southern Brazil to use a randomized controlled design to evaluate an intervention involving both nutrition education and physical activity in schools. Our results will contribute to the development of future interventions aimed at preventing and controlling child obesity in schools, especially in Brazil. Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (REBEC) number RBR2xx2z4.
The present study aimed to verify the association between psychosocial aspects (social capital) and food patterns in adult women. A cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted with a representative sample of 1,128 women, aged 20 to 69 years, living in the urban area of the municipality of São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in 2015. The food patterns were identified based on the frequency of food intake and classified as: healthy (fruits, vegetables, and whole foods), at-risk (ultraprocessed foods), and Brazilian (rice and beans), while social capital was evaluated using a collective efficacy scale. It was observed that 18.9% of the sample was classified with high collective efficacy. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, a 44% higher probability was observed for adherence to the healthy pattern (PR [prevalence ratio] = 1.44; 95%CI [95% confidence interval]: 1.01-2.03; p = 0.040) and 71% higher for the Brazilian pattern (PR = 1.71; 95%CI: 1.18-2.47; p= 0.004) among women with a higher level of collective efficacy, when compared to those with a low level of collective efficacy. Thus, this study verified a significant relationship between psychosocial aspects and food intake in women.
Resumo O presente estudo objetivou verificar a associação entre aspectos psicossociais (capital social) e padrões alimentares em mulheres adultas. Realizou-se um estudo transversal, de base populacional, com uma amostra representativa de 1.128 mulheres, de 20 a 69 anos de idade, residentes na área urbana do município de São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, em 2015. Os padrões alimentares foram identificados com base na frequência de consumo alimentar e classificados em: saudável (frutas, vegetais e alimentos integrais), de risco (alimentos ultraprocessados) e brasileiro (arroz e feijão), enquanto o capital social foi avaliado por meio de uma escala de eficácia coletiva. Observou-se que 18,9% da amostra foi classificada com alta eficácia coletiva. Após ajuste para potenciais fatores de confusão, observou-se uma probabilidade 44% maior para adesão ao padrão saudável (RP [razão de prevalência] = 1,44; IC95% [intervalo de confiança de 95%]: 1,01-2,03; p = 0,040) e 71% maior para o padrão brasileiro (RP = 1,71; IC95%: 1,18-2,47; p = 0,004) entre as mulheres com um maior nível de eficácia coletiva, quando comparadas às com baixo nível de eficácia coletiva. Assim, este estudo verificou uma relação significativa entre aspectos psicossociais e consumo alimentar em mulheres.
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