Changes in psychiatric health care delivery driven by such major shifts as deinstitutionalization, community-based care, and managed care have greatly altered the educational milieu for third-year psychiatry clerkships. Students may be assigned exclusively to alcohol and substance abuse treatment units, consultation-liaison services, or outpatient clinics, and may not have as broad an exposure as is desirable to patients with a variety of psychiatric illnesses. The authors describe a pilot course they developed in 2001, Clinical Psychiatric Assessment and Diagnosis, for third-year medical students at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences medical school. The course uses standardized patients (SPs) to help students gain broader clinical experience. In psychiatry, a growing body of literature supports the acceptability, reliability, and validity of objective structured clinical examination assessment using SPs for medical students. Only a few articles report the use of SPs to primarily teach psychiatry instead of evaluating student proficiency in clinical psychiatry. Since this course was developed, the National Board of Medical Examiners announced that all medical students will be required to pass a clinical skills test in order to practice medicine, beginning with the class of 2005. The examination will use SPs modeling different clinical scenarios. In light of this change, many medical schools may have to reevaluate and possibly revamp their curriculums to insure sufficient acquisition of clinical skills in different specialties. The use of SPs in psychiatry could provide an effective, primary clinical teaching experience to address this new requirement as well.
Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average I hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services. Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget. Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank)2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED The conference addressed the history, nature, and threat of biological agents. Agents were described to better appreciate the behavioral implications for illness, disease, prevention, and vaccination. Community and individual responses to potential bioterrorist events Were described. Future approaches to the management and treatment of behavioral and mental health issues following exposure to biological agents and bioterrorism were discussed. The conference concluded with recommendations for policy, communication, education and training, and research.14. SUBJECT TERMS NUMBER OF PAGES PREFACErI3 iological agents are the New Millennium atomic concern. Agents -bacteria, viruses, prions -can create chaos and national disruption. Future management of bioterrorism requires a multidisciplinary approach to understanding the effects of these agents on nations, communities, families and individuals. In preparing for bioterrorism and other weapons of mass destruction there is an understandable disparity between priorities of the nation and those of individual communities. While experts believe that it is highly likely that there will be an attack using weapons of mass destruction somewhere in the nation, the risk of such an event in a given community is quite low. A swift and effective response by public officials to a bioterrorist attack can prevent negative consequences (e.g., panic, stigma and scapegoating) and promote responsible behaviors by citizens.Local, state and federal leaders will shape individual and community expectations, beliefs and behaviors through their comments and actions. Specifically, the management of the acute situation will set the tone for societal responses. The accurate portrayal of ongoing efforts and successful forecasting of predictable events will enhance the credibility of authorities and diminish negative outcomes such as panic and chaos. A well-developed and well executed communication strategy is the cornerstone of this effort.Because the medical community are "first responders" in a bioterrorist attack, a broadbased educational plan for this group is essential. Hospital response plans must incorporate mental health and behavioral interventions at all levels. Medical care for infected/injured people as well as for those peop...
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