Where should a researcher conduct experiments to provide training data for a multilayer perceptron? This question is investigated, and a statistical method for selecting optimal experimental design points for multiple output multilayer perceptrons is introduced. Multiple class discrimination problems are examined using a framework in which the multilayer perceptron is viewed as a multivariate nonlinear regression model. Following a Bayesian formulation for the case where the variance-covariance matrix of the responses is unknown, a selection criterion is developed. This criterion is based on the volume of the joint confidence ellipsoid for the weights in a multilayer perceptron. An example is used to demonstrate the superiority of optimally selected design points over randomly chosen points, as well as points chosen in a grid pattern. Simplification of the basic criterion is offered through the use of Hadamard matrices to produce uncorrelated outputs.
The performance of the education industry is vital to the national security and economic prosperity the United States. The advent of the Information Age has significantly increased both the opportun and the challenges presented to policymakers and educators. An examination of the education indu leads to five principal conclusions. First, high academic standards and effective assessments are essential to promote achievement and measure progress. Second, efforts to recruit, train, and retain high-quality teachers and administrators require special priority. Third, the United States should continue to implement policies, and increase targeted resources that promote equal access and opportunity for all U.S. citizens. Fourth, teachers cannot be successful alone. Social support with a involvement and a safe learning environment are key to successful student development. And fifth innovative ideas such as school choice, home-schooling, charter schools, and e-learning can spur competition, raise industry performance, and promote equity. The overall assessment of the U.S. education industry at present produces mixed results. Primary and post-secondary schools are abov average compared with those of international competitors; middle schools are average; and second schools are below average. The performance of the transitional sector (non-collegiate adult educati is marginal (but improving) debatable relative to other countriesmarginal, and that of the workplac sector is expanding and satisfactory. Although most U.S. citizens agree that education in the U.S. n improvement, the degree and method of change remain debatable issues. Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number.
United States schools are better than ever, but they are not assuring competitive advantage. Unequal access to quality education leaves millions ill equipped for today's workplace. The "No Child Left Behind Act" is an effective point of departure, yet it too fails to adequately address the myriad issues affecting quality education. Effective teachers hold the key to fully developing the potential of all students. However, absent substantive additional resources in the near-term, efficiency and effectiveness are unlikely to improve enough for every child to obtain the education essential to long-term national security. Report Documentation PageForm Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. Team members also interviewed a number of distinguished experts in the fields of education including Ms Anne C. Lewis, Dr. Gerald Bracey, and Dr. Ted Sizer. We wish to express our sincere appreciation to these distinguished individuals and organizations. Education in the United States (US) reflects society's values and priorities. These include a dedication to democratic ideals, a commitment to individual freedom, and a respect for diversity. In general, the US education system has as its goal access to a quality education so that each child might achieve his or her highest potential and serve effectively as a citizen of a free society. An educated and well-trained citizenry is of vital importance if the US is to successfully compete in an increasingly global marketplace.This study sought to better understand the US education system, to identify potential national security implications, and to determine the extent to which our education system serves the nation. Insight into the industry was gleaned through interactions with representatives of a number of constituencies, as well as through individual research conducted on topics of particular interest. The most significant action affecting education this year was the January 2002 passage of the "No Child Left Behind Act" (NCLBA). Since the primary challenge facing the educational community in the near term is implementation of the NCLBA, our inquiry focused on the impact of this legislation.To structure our analysis, we employed "Porter's Diamond,"2 an analytical tool used to assess the attributes of ...
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