It is increasingly accepted that children have the right to have their views taken into consideration by healthcare providers. Children's opinions and experiences of hospitalisation are essential for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of health services provision. In this paper we report on children's views and wishes about hospital and healthcare professionals. The children held both positive and negative views of hospital and healthcare professionals. Dissatisfaction was caused by insufficient information, lack of involvement, and inadequate play facilities. Their wishes were mainly concerned with the need for more information and more involvement in communication interactions with doctors and nurses. They wished to express their opinions, ask questions and receive information about care and procedures. They recommended that healthcare professionals make a better effort to listen and to take account of their views.

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Restraint is often perceived as necessary to ensure that medical procedures are carried out safely. The limited research into nurses' perceptions of restraint practices with hospitalized children hinders understanding the extent of the problem. A survey design was used to investigate nurses' perceptions of restraint use from five units in one children's hospital in Ireland. Findings revealed that restraint is a common practice, with physical and psycho- logical restraints most commonly used and newborn to 4-year-old children most likely to be restrained. Restraint was most often used for cannulation and latterly for administering medication and preventing interference to intravenous lines. To promote the use of thera- peutic holding for the safe delivery of procedures, nurses require education and skills training. Restraint should only be used as a last resort and in all situations, nurses should assess the need to use restraint and explore any alternatives in order to gain the child's cooperation. More research is needed into the situational variables that can lead to restraint usage in order to identify learning needs and promote the use of alternative interventions.

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