The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Network Enabled Capability (NNEC) addresses technical and cognitive abilities of NATO requiring technical and operational interoperability standards and targets for adaptation. Net-enabled Modeling and Simulation (M&S) can support in all life cycle phases. The paper evaluates the contribution of four example technical activities of NATO conducted by different bodies of the Research and Technology Organization: net-enabled M&S by the Modeling and Simulation Group, semantic interoperability by the Information Systems Technology panel, new command and control concepts by the System Analysis & Studies panel, and human factors for NNEC by the Human Factors & Medicine panel. The results request a framework that included technical and operational aspects as well. The technical challenges can be supported by the Levels of Conceptual Interoperability Model, which is extended to an Interoperability Maturity Model. The operational challenges can be supported by the NNEC Command and Control Maturity Model. Both models are aligned to provide the necessary support to address NATO’s technical and cognitive abilities by M&S services.
The modeling and simulation (M&S) literature is rich with procedures, standards, conceptual frameworks, and M&S-related theories that provide frames of reference for M&S validation. However, these works are disjoint, leading to inconsistencies: common terms used differently, differing terms for similar concepts, varying degrees of detail, and conflicting assumptions. There is no single, unifying frame of reference for validation. This has restricted the development of a common theoretical and practical understanding of validation across the M&S field. This paper introduces the concept of a validation frame of reference; builds a taxonomy of using frames of reference found in the validation literature; and proposes the creation of a unifying theoretical framework for M&S validation to build a foundation for the development of a paradigm of common theoretical and practical understanding of validation across the M&S field.
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