Bakteri endofit memiliki kemampuan untuk hidup dan menginvasi jaringan tanaman serta mempunyai sifat antagonis terhadap patogen tanaman dengan berbagai mekanisme. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui mekanisme dan persentase daya penghambatan oleh isolat bakteri endofit asal padi lokal Kamba secara in vitro dalam mengendalikan penyakit bercak ungu pada tanaman bawang merah. Pelaksanaan penelitian bertempat di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Alkhairaat Palu. Metode penelitian secara kualitatif dengan melakukan uji reaksi hipersensitivitas pada daun tembakau dan pengujian kemampuan isolat bakteri endofit dalam menghasilkan senyawa HCN. Secara kuantitatif dengan mengamati daya hambat dari isolat bakteri endofit terhadap cendawan pathogen uji. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan isolat bakteri endofit (RKGU4, RKGU7, RKGU8 dan RKGU15) dengan 3 ulangan. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh 2 isolat bakteri endofit yang memiliki kemampuan terbaik dalam menghambat pertumbuhan koloni cendawan Alternaria porri yakni RKGU8 dan RKGU15. Selain itu kedua isolat tidak berpotensi sebagai patogen berdasarkan uji reaksi hipersensitivitas serta memiliki kemampuan dalam memproduksi senyawa HCN. Isolat bakteri endofit memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai agens pengendali hayati yang ramah lingkungan.
Effect of Frequency and Application of Abamectin Insecticides on Population Abundance and Attack Level of Leafminer Liriomyza, spp. (Diptera: Agromysidae) is one of the main pests on the Lembah Palu red onion, where this pest is relatively new in the Palu Valley. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of frequency and application of insecticides on population abundance, and the attack rate of L. chinensis (Diptera: Agromyzidae) on the Lembah Palu red onion plant under applied and unapplied insecticide. The treatment of abamectin insecticide was applied once a week with a concentration of 1 ml of formulation per liter of water, beginning at the age of 2 MST and ending at 7 MST. The results showed that there were 2 species of Liriomyza, spp associated with Palu valley red onion i.e. Liriomyza chinensis and Liriomyza sativae. This research found that the application of Abamectin insecticides significantly affected population development and the percentage of Liriomyza, spp. on the lembah Palu red onion.
Input such as fertilizer highly affects the root response, and can change the root morphology and architecture, which will have an impact on the nutrient uptake and biomass production. This research investigates changes in root architecture and morphology, nitrogen uptake and biomass production of the Noko rattan seed in the treatment of inorganic (N) fertilizers from different sources fertilization (N-Urea (CO (NH2)2), and N-ZA ((NH4) 2.SO4)), and different application method. The research results showed that treatment without N+P fertilizer (control treatment) led to more intensive root growth, which was shown in dry biomass of root, higher amount of root branches and root hairs compared to N-urea or N-ZA fertilization. N-Urea fertilization affects the root hairs of rattan becomes shorter and finer, decreases the dry weight of the roots, but increases the roots surfaces compared to the roots in the control treatment an d N-ZA fertilization. Localized (in hole) fertilization causes root physiological stress and change the root architecture, causing a decrease in N uptake but otherwise increase the P uptake, but the biomass production is lower than the homogeneous fertilization.
Indonesia as the world's major producer and supplier of rattan, but most of Indonesia's rattan production relies on natural rattan sources. The fact that natural rattan is generally harvested after the age of more than 4 years, is not proportional to harvesting at any time, and threatens the preservation of rattan, so research on rattan cultivation is important. This study focuses on the growth and absorption of Noko rattan seedlings varieties (Daemonorops sp.) in response of organic and inorganic fertilization. Research was conducted in the glass house of UNTAD, using factorial design of 2 (two) factors. Factor I consists of 2 (two) levels, namely: (B0) without bokashi, and (B1) bokashi 10 t / Ha. Factor II consists of 7 (seven) variations of Nitrogen and Phosphorus treatments. The results showed that the treatment of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer had no significant effect on dry weight or nitrogen uptake (N) or N network. However treatment with bokashi showed a tendency of dry weight and alsoN uptake or N tissue higher than treatment without bokashi. In this study, treatment with bokashi added Urea fertilizer gives the best influence on the growth of Noko rattan seedlings.
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