We consider a driven open system whose evolution is described by a Lindbladian. The Lindbladian is assumed to be dephasing and its Hamiltonian part to be given by the Landau-Zener Hamiltonian. We derive a formula for the transition probability which, unlike previous results, extends the Landau-Zener formula to open systems.Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). 81S22.
The measurement of a quantum system becomes itself a quantum-mechanical process once the apparatus is internalized. That shift of perspective may result in different physical predictions for a variety of reasons. We present a model describing both system and apparatus and consisting of a harmonic oscillator coupled to a field. The equation of motion is a quantum stochastic differential equation. By solving it we establish the conditions ensuring that the two perspectives are compatible, in that the apparatus indeed measures the observable it is ideally supposed to.
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