. 1990. ThE iNflUENCC Of mineral nutrition on the expression of traits associated with winterhardiness of two winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars' Can. J. Plant Sci' 70: M3-454 Two winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, Fredrick and Norstar, which differ in their winterhardiness potential, were compared with regard to the effects of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) application, during acclimation, on the expfession of four traits associated with winterhardinessfreezing, ice-encasement, and low temperature flooding tolerances and crown moisture content. Modified Hoagland's nutrient solutions containing five levels of each nutrient were applied to the seedlings during a 5-wk acclimation period at2"C, and subsequently the crowns were tested for thiir ability to survive varying intensities of the stress treatments. Increasing the level of applied N from 0, caused a reduction in the level of all stress tolerances.Increased F did not significantly alter the expression of freezing tolerance, but tended to increase tolerance bf the anaerobic stresses, icing and low temperature flooding, to an optimum. Increased K had minimal effects on stress tolerance at the levels tested.Increased levels of each nutrient increased crown moisture content. The cultivar Norstar was consistently more tolerant of freezing and icing stress than Fredrick and this relative ranking was not influenced by mineral nutrition. However, the relative ranking for low temperature flooding tolerance varied depending on the nutrients provided to the seedlings. The results suggest that environmental and growth regulatory tactors which influence the uptake of mineral nutrients would be expected to influence crown moisture content, and the expression of stress tolerance. Pomeroy 1981, 1983).In terms of mineral nutrition, the application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer reduces winter survival in a wide range of crops, and the application ofphosphorus (P), and potassium (K) generally promotes increased hardiness (Dexter 1956;Jung and Smith 1959;Freyman and Kaldy 1979
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