carbon monoxide-releasing molecule-3 (cORM-3), which is an exogenous carbon monoxide (cO) compound, slowly releases cO under physiological conditions; this exerts neuroprotective effects against incomplete ischemia/reperfusion injury. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether the administration of cORM-3 protects against nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome formation and neuronal pyroptosis in the hippocampus following hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation (HSR). To establish this, an HSR model was created. Hemorrhagic shock was induced in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats under sevoflurane anesthesia by bleeding using a heparinized syringe to maintain a mean arterial pressure of 30±5 mmHg for 60 min. Resuscitation was performed by reperfusion of the blood and, if necessary, administering sterile saline to achieve the baseline arterial pressure. Following resuscitation, cORM-3 (4 mg/kg) was injected via the femoral vein. Neuronal pyroptosis in the hippocampus, mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial dNA (mtdNA), brain magnetic resonance imaging, expression levels of NLRP3 and the interaction of pro-caspase-1 and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a cARd domain (ASc) were examined 12 h after HSR; locomotor activity was assessed 7 days after HSR. compared with HSR-treated rats, cORM-3 administration resulted in a lower level of neuronal pyroptosis in the hippocampus, improved mitochondrial morphology, a lower mtdNA level, steadier levels of metabolites, decreased expression levels of NLRP3 and pro-caspase-1 interacting with ASc and enhanced locomotor activity. In conclusion, treatment with cORM-3 ameliorated impairments of locomotor and exploratory activities in a rat model of HSR. The mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of mitochondrial dNA-induced pyroptosis via improvements in cell metabolism.Abbreviations: cORM, carbon monoxide-releasing molecule; HSR, hemorrhage shock and resuscitation; NLRP3, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors pyrin domain-3; MRS, magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Objective. To investigate the correlation of CT perfusion-related parameters with serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (BFGF) in patients with primary liver cancer. Methods. A total of 100 patients with primary liver cancer who were treated in our hospital from June 2019 to June 2021 were selected as the observation group, and 90 patients with benign liver lesions during the same period were selected as the control group. The CT perfusion-related parameters (perfusion volume and perfusion index) and serum VEGF and BFGF levels were compared between the two groups. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between CT perfusion-related parameters and serum VEGF and BFGF levels. Results. Compared to the control group, significantly higher HAP and lower HPP and TLP were observed in the observation group. The perfusion volume indexes of patients with different stages of liver cancer in the observation group were statistically different ( P < 0.05 ). Compared to the control group, the observation group witnessed significantly higher HAPI and lower HPPI. There were statistically significant differences in the perfusion index of patients with different stages of primary liver cancer in the observation group ( P < 0.05 ). The serum VEGF and BFGF levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the serum VEGF and BFGF levels in patients with different stages of primary liver cancer in the observation group were statistically different ( P < 0.05 ). Pearson correlation analysis showed that HAP and HAPI were positively correlated with VEGF and BFGF (r = 0.986, P ≤ 0.001 ; r = 0.983, P ≤ 0.001 ), and HPP, TLP, and HPPI were negatively correlated with VEGF and BFGF (r = −0.992, P ≤ 0.001 ; r = -0.993, P ≤ 0.001 ; r = −0.995, P ≤ 0.001 ). Conclusion. CT perfusion-related parameters and serum VEGF and BFGF levels in patients with primary liver cancer are abnormally expressed, and there is a strong correlation between the two, which might aid clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Background Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) often occurs in elderly patients, causing depression and other symptoms. Nucleus accumbens (NAc) is involved in depression. We investigate the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters of NAc in a POCD model of depression. Methods Twenty‐month‐old male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the POCD and Sham groups. The POCD group underwent exploratory laparotomy to establish a POCD depression model, while the Sham group underwent a sham operation. The fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) values of the bilateral NAc, behavioural changes of forced swimming test and sucrose preference rate, and pathological changes of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) fluorescent intensity were observed at 15 days (D15) and 30 days (D30) after the operation. Results The FA value of the bilateral NAc area in the POCD group was lower than that in the Sham group at the two time periods after the operation (P < 0.05). However, the MD value at D30 was higher in the POCD group than in the Sham group (P < 0.05). The FA value in the POCD group was lower at D30 than at D15 (P < 0.05). The floating time was prolonged while the sucrose preference rate was decreased in the POCD group compared with the Sham group (P < 0.05). The floating time in the POCD group was longer at D30 than at D15. However, the sucrose preference rate in the POCD was lower at D30 than at D15. The GFAP fluorescent intensity in the bilateral NAc region in the POCD group was higher than in the Sham group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Microstructural changes of the NAc area are associated with POCD related depression. In addition, FA and MD were demonstrated to be effective in diagnosing and monitoring postoperative depression and its severity.

Objective: To investigate the accuracy of CT energy spectrum imaging in predicting preoperative pathological differentiation of colorectal cancer patients.Methods: From 2019 September to 2021 November, a retrospective study was performed for the eighty-two patients with colorectal cancer through preoperative colonoscopy or surgical pathology confirmed in our hospital. According to the pathological results, the patients were divided into middle and high differentiation group (62 cases) and low differentiation group (20 cases). GE Revolution CT scanner was used to scan the patients with energy spectrum imaging, in the arterial and venous phase, it measured and recorded the single energy CT values from 40kev to 140kev and various energy spectrum parameters of lymph nodes around the lesions. And statistically analyze the above indices.Result: in arterial phase: the single energy CT values from 40kev to 140kev in the low differentiation group were higher than those in the medium and high differentiation group (all P <0.05); IC, NIC and λ of colorectal cancer in low differentiation group were higher than that in medium and high differentiation group(all P<0.05). The ROC curve showed that the AUC of the single energy CT values from 40kev to 140kev were less than 0.800. The AUC of IC and NIC were 0.800 and 0.828 respectively; the highest AUC of the combination of IC and NIC was 0.850. in venous phase: the single energy CT values from 40kev to 130kev in the low differentiation group were higher than those in the medium and high differentiation group(all P<0.05), and IC, NIC, λ and Eff-Z of colorectal cancer in low differentiation group were higher than that in the medium and high differentiation group(all<0.05). The ROC curve showed that the AUC of the single energy CT values from 40kev to 90kev were higher than 0.800. The AUC of IC, NIC, λ and Eff-Z were 0.927, 0.882, 0.859 and 0.863 respectively; the parameters were combined in pairs, IC and λ achieved the highest AUC, and the highest AUC was 0.934. Three parameters were combined, IC, NIC and λ achieved the highest AUC, and the highest AUC was 0.942, the combined AUC of the four was 0.943. Compared with the arterial phase, the single energy CT values from 40kev to 90kev and energy spectrum parameters in venous phase had better diagnostic efficacy in predicting different degrees of differentiation of colorectal cancer.Conclusion: energy spectrum CT imaging can better predict the differentiation grade of colorectal cancer before operation and provide imaging basis for clinicians.