No abstract

Gold nanoparticles were prepared from yeast dough via gold salt reduction and their effect on rheology of a mixture of folic acid and the surfactant of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) was studied. The results revealed that the highest viscosity (pa. s7.1232×10 2 ) was at a ratio of 2/8, a temperature of 10 o C and a concentration of 0.00004M of nano-gold. So, micelles growth is occurred by increasing nano-gold concentration. In the same manner, measuring the conductivity of the prepared solution revealed that there is a reverse proportion between conductivity and viscosity. Also, thermodynamic functions were calculated such as standard free energy (ΔGº), standard enthalpy (ΔH) and standard entropy (ΔSº) for the formed micelles together with calculating the micellization activation energy. Gold nanoparticles were prepared from yeast dough (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), via gold salt reduction, and the prepared nanoparticles were diagnosed by several techniques (UV-Vis.,x-ray, TEM, SEM), through which the results showed that the prepared gold particles have a purple colour at length (552nm) it has a spherical shape and is within the nano size that was specified by the Shearer equation. The effect of these prepared nanoparticles on the rheology of the mixture of folic acid and the surfactant of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene sulfonate was studied using different temperatures, as this study showed that the highest viscosity Its value was (pa. s7.1232×10 2) at the ratio (2/8) and at a temperature of 10C o and when the concentration of nano-gold was 0.00004M. If these results indicate that the growth of micelles increases with the increase in the concentration of the prepared nano-gold. The conductivity measurement of the solutions prepared for the mixture was also studied, as it was found that the conductivity increases as the viscosity decreases in the presence of nano-gold particles, which leads to an increase in the growth of micelles. From calculating the thermodynamic functions, it was found that the standard free energy (ΔGº) is negative, the standard enthalpy (ΔH) is negative and the standard entropy (ΔSº) is negative for the formed micelles.

The research included preparing nano-activated charcoal from the stem of the eucalyptus trees. The prepared nano-coal particles were diagnosed using various techniques, such as, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) technology. The research included a spectroscopic study of the adsorption of tamoxifen on the prepared nano-coal, and the results showed that the appropriate concentration is 2.5 × 10-5 molar, with an appropriate weight of the adsorbent material which is 0.4-gram, the time of equilibrium is 40 minutes, and the percentage of adsorption efficiency increases with passing time, the adsorption process is dependent to a second-degree equation, according to the correlation coefficient (R2), which gave the value of 0.9999. Thermodynamic functions were calculated for the adsorption process at different temperatures (17.5, 27.5, 37.5, and 47.5ºC), and it was found that the adsorption process is a heat emission process (ΔH negative), the adsorption is physical because it is less than 40 kJ/mol, and the free energy is negative (ΔG), and entropy adsorption was negative (ΔS), meaning less random.

The research included preparing nanoparticle ferric oxide and then diagnosing it with several techniques including scanning electron microscopy technology (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and this research also included a thermodynamic study of adsorption of a mixture of nolvadex with nano ferric oxide prepared on a surface of Activated charcoal, as it was found that the equilibrium time was 40-50 minutes and an appropriate weight of the adsorbent 0.1 g, The study was carried out at four different temperatures (290.65-320.65 K), as it was found that the adsorption process was Spontaneous (ΔGo = -) and Exothermic (ΔH= -) A few Random (ΔSo =-).

No abstract