From 2010 to 2016, an evaluation of the performance of a partial-depth guide wall associated with three surface bypasses to ensure the safe downstream migration of Atlantic salmon smolts was conducted at the Tuilières power plant on the Dordogne River in southwestern France. The objectives of this study, during which 603 smolts were monitored using radio telemetry, were (i) to determine their escapement rate (passage through routes other than turbines), (ii) to analyse their behaviour faced with the structure and (iii) to assess the permeability of the guide wall as a function of turbine and spilling flows. The rate of escapement through the surface bypass routes varied from approximately 15% to 85%. The turbine flow was the main factor influencing the guide wall efficiency. The contribution of secondary bypasses, while significant for low flows, decreased rapidly with the increase in turbine flows. The vast majority of fish arrived on the two downstream bays of the wall or directly in the area of the main bypass, with the guiding effect of the guide wall becoming less noticeable with the increase of turbine flow. A modification of the depth of the guide wall in 2014 slightly improved its efficiency (by 5-10%) for low turbine flows. Logistic regression models were used to describe the evolution of the efficiency of the facilty as a function of the turbine flow and the probability of direct passage under a bay as a function of average velocity under this bay.Keywords: Atlantic salmon smolts / downstream migration / behaviour / hydroelectric plant / guide wall / radio-tracking Résumé -Efficacité d'un mur guideau de surface destiné à guider les smolts de saumon atlantique en migration de dévalaison au barrage de Tuilières sur la Dordogne. De 2010 à 2016 une évaluation des performances d'un mur guideau associé à des exutoires de surface visant à assurer la dévalaison sans dommage des smolts de saumon atlantique a été menée à la centrale hydroélectrique de Tuilières sur la rivière Dordogne dans le Sud-Ouest de la France. Cette étude, au cours de laquelle 603 smolts ont fait l'objet d'un suivi par radio télémétrie, avait pour objectifs i) d'évaluer les taux d'échappement (passages par d'autres voies que par les turbines) ii) d'analyser le comportement des smolts devant les ouvrages ainsi que (iii) l'évolution de la perméabilité du masque de guidage en fonction des conditions de débit turbiné et de débit déversé au barrage. Le taux d'échappement par les exutoires a varié de 15% à 85%. Le débit turbiné est le facteur principal influant sur l'efficacité du mur guideau. L'apport des exutoires secondaires, s'il est notable pour les faibles débits turbinés, diminue fortement avec l'augmentation de ces débits. Les poissons arrivent en grande majorité sur les travées aval du masque ou directement à proximité de l'exutoire principal, l'effet guidage du masque diminuant avec le débit turbiné. Une modification de la profondeur d'immersion du masque en 2014 n'améliore son efficacité (de 5 % à 10 %) que pour les faibles débits turb...
The design of fishway entries has traditionally been done through the use of physical models. To our knowledge, the use of numerical models is still rare for such problems, even though the numerical simulation of the flows inside the fishways has been presented by various authors (see [1][2][3] for example). This is due to the complexity of the interaction between the flow in the tailrace and the flow coming from the fishway entry. To simulate such flows, the numerical model should be able to represent a highly turbulent free-surface flow in 3D. With the improvement of the numerical tools for Computational Fluid Dynamics, such simulations now seem feasible (see [4]). This work aims at modelling the flow in the tailrace and afterbay of the Rhinau Power plant (France) in order to design fishway entries. A physical model and a 3D numerical model were built and are complimentary for the design. Here, we focus only on the modelling of the current configuration of the power plant (without fishway entries), for which field measurements and observations are available. The aim is to qualify them for the design A. Leroy (&) EDF R&D, LNHE, 5 quai Watier,
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