The present work aimed to investigate the effects of mechanical impedance of wax layer (wax discs were installed 0.1 m deep) on root system deepening of citrus seedlings growing in columns with sand and nutrient solution. Two planting systems were evaluated: direct seeding (DS) and planting of seedlings (PS) (plants obtained from seed germination in tubes). Two experiments were carried out in a sequence: first to investigate the wax layer resistance levels (0.14 to 2.7 MPa) on root system penetration and two planting systems (DS and PS). The second evaluated the root and plant development of the two planting systems and two resistance of wax layer to root penetration: control (0.14 MPa) and a strong wax layer (1.06 MPa). The experimental design was randomized blocks, the first experiment in a 2 × 4 factorial scheme with 4 replications and the second a 2 × 2 factorial scheme with 6 replications. Resistance level ≥ 1.52 MPa (60% hard wax and 40% soft wax) completely limited root penetration in the artificial strong layer. The presence of strong wax disc reduced the citrus root system in both planting systems. PS was associated with greater root and shoot vigor, indicating that, in soils with good physical structure and porosity or allowing root deepening beyond the cohesive layer, this planting system is fully adequate, despite the possible benefit of not cutting the pivoting root in direct sowing.
Microgreens are forms of production and consumption of plant foods in their early growth phase that add maximum efficiency to the production process. The use of this crop has been used in large urban centers, in places with low luminosity, being the main problem was the choice of an adequate source of lighting for the production of microgreen in vertical urban farms. The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of different sources of artificial lighting with LED in the indoor production of arugula (Euruca sativa) microgreen. Six treatments were evaluated, namely: 1. Three 50w cold white Led boards (3BF), 2. Three 50w warm white Led boards (3BQ), 3. Three 50w full spectrum Led boards (3FS), 4 Two 50w full spectrum Led boards, and one 50w cold white Led board (2FS + 1BF), 5. One 50w full spectrum Led boards, one 50w cold white Led board and one 50w warm white Led board (FS + BF + BQ), 6. For ambient lighting (Control), the parameters analyzed were Fresh weight of shoot (FWS in g) and Dry weight of shoot (DWS in g). The use of different artificial lighting sources with LEDs increased the mass production of indoor cultivation of arugula microgreens, which demonstrates greater efficiency for plant growth, with the sources (3BQ), (3BF), and (1FS + 1BF + 1BQ), showing the best result in the development of arugula microgreens, thus generating greater aerial part mass in plants.
Research has been conducted with the yellow passion fruit crop, with emphasis on different formulations of substrates for seedling production, with good results. The appropriate substrate should present good physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, enabling, thus, the rapid growth of the seedling, a good dry matter content in the aerial and root parts, among other characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different substrates on the viability and vigor of passion fruit seeds. Brs Giant yellow passion fruit seeds were used to this end (Passiflora edulis var. flavicarpa) directly from the fruits, which were collected in a property located in the municipality of Peixe in the southern region of the state of the Tocantins in Brazil. After the installation of the experiment, the process of evaluation and data collection was initiated. The highest values of root length and aerial part of seedlings were obtained when the seeds were sown in the moss substrate of Earthworm Humus, intermediate values in substrates 50% Wood Sawdust + 50% Washed Sand and 50% Black Soil + 50% Cattle Manure. It was also observed that the highest dry mass values of the root and shoot were obtained in the Earthworm Humus, intermediate values in substrates 50% Wood Sawdust + 50% Washed Sand, and 50% Black Soil + 50% Cattle Manure. The first emergency and emergence count of seedlings, due to the different substrates once again the substrate of Earthworm Humus stood out. Intermediate results were obtained in the substrates Washed Sand and 50% Black Soil + 50% Cattle Manure. The Earthworm Humus substrate of worm provided the highest values of viability and vigor in passion fruit seeds, followed by the mixture 50% Black Soil + 50% Cattle Manure. For the experiment, five types of substrates were evaluated: Washed Sand, Black soil, Wood Sawdust + Washed Sans + Black Soil + Cattle Manure, and substrate Earthworm Humus.
Nitrogen when applied to the surface, suffers losses by volatilization. Therefore, one of the ways to reduce this loss is to use substances that delay the hydrolysis of NH3. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological characteristics of Mombasa grass as a function of nitrogen sources associated or not with volatilization inhibitors (ASP4) and nitrification (CTN). The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, UFT - Gurupi, in DBC, with six treatments and five replications, being: SN1 - Sulfammo without ASP4; SN3 - Sulfammo + 6kg/ton of ASP4; NC1 - Sulfammo + CTN without ASP4; NC3 - Sulfammo + CTN + 6kg/ton of ASP4, URE - Urea and control without nitrogen. It is note point that all treatments received 100 kg ha-1 of N. The following parameters were evaluated: Chlorophyll A, Chlorophyll B, Total Chlorophyll, internal CO2 concentration, transpiration rate, stomatic conductance, CO2 assimilation rates, water use efficiency, and instantaneous efficiency of ribulose enzyme (RUBI) carboxylation Data were analyzed by MANOVA, using the main component technique (PCA) using the R® 3.5 software. According to the PCA scores, the productive characteristics are CloB; CloA; CloTO. ASSI, RUBI showed the highest variations, all positive, both in PC1 and PC2. The treatments that most influenced the characteristics were NC1 and NC3, demonstrating an inverse tendency to the controls. Crop development was significantly influenced by urea and sources with and without inhibitors.
The use of new methods may facilitate the production of seedlings for reforestation since the seed market is scarce and seedlings take time to be produced. The Earpod tree is a native species that can be used for the floristic recomposition of the biome and with the possibility of using wood for commercial purposes. In this sense, the present work aimed to evaluate different methods of overcoming dormancy of the Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. Seven treatments were performed with 5 replications: T0: control, T1: mechanical scarification with a rasp, T2: mechanical scarification with welding electric appliance, T3: mechanical scarification with cutting pliers, T4 y T5: chemical scarification with sodium hydroxide 30% for 25 minutes and 30 minutes, respectively, and T6: immersion in 100°C water for 7 minutes. The following variables were evaluated: percentage of emergence, emergence speed index (ESI), the height of seedlings, number of leaves per seedling, stem diameter, and length of a root system. The mechanical scarification method with cutting pliers was the most efficient, with an emergence percentage of 96% and plant emergence speed indexes of 9.79. The treatments, chemical scarification with sodium hydroxide 30% for 30 and 25 minutes, and control showed low efficiency in overcoming dormancy, with an emergence percentage of 2, 6, and 4% and emergence rates of 0.14, 0.37 and 0.24.
Cagaita seeds quickly lose their germination power when stored in the natural environmental conditions of the Cerrado. Like most native Cerrado species, data on more favorable seed viability conservation conditions are still quite scarce. The experiment was carried out in the greenhouse of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the Tocantins in the city of Gurupi - TO, between November 5, 2019, and March 7, 2020. Cagaita seeds (Eugenia dysenterica DC.) were used to perform it. The treatments applied to the seeds consisted of five sowing times, at intervals of three days. In general, the evaluated characteristics showed sensitivity by indicating differences between sowing times, where the highest values, root, and shoot length were obtained when the seeds were sown on 11/05/2019 (12.8 cm; 10.2 cm), respectively, and lower at sowing of 11/17/2019 (7.8 cm; 7.0 cm), respectively. The values obtained from the first emergency count allowed us to differentiate the sowing times at vigor levels, they were influenced by the sowing times. Cagaita seeds, sowing soon after fruit collection, showed higher viability and vigor.
A batata-doce (Ipomoea batatas (Lam.)) é uma das culturas com maior potencial para produção de raízes edesenvolvimento da parte aérea em condição tropical de cultivo. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar oincremento do rendimento, formato de raiz e susceptibilidade a ataque de insetos em batata-doce em resposta a épocas de colheita em solo do cerrado. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos em esquema fatorial 7 x 2 em duas épocas. O primeiro fator foram 7 épocas de colheita (60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135 e 150 dias após transplantio) e o segundo dois genótipos de batata-doce: BDGPI#25 e BDGPM#04. Foram avaliados a produtividade de raízes e ramas de batata-doce, formato de raiz e danos causados por insetos de solo. Aprodutividade de raízes de genótipos de batata-doce teve rendimento linear crescente, sendo maior aos 150dias após transplante para os dois genótipos. A maior produtividade da parte aérea ocorreu na colheita aos 60 dias, com decréscimo gradual até os 150 dias. O genótipo BDGPM#04 apresentou formato mais adequadopara mesa, enquanto o genótipo BDGPI#25, que tem maior potencial produtivo têm características de raízesmais adequadas para a indústria. Para danos causados por insetos, o genótipo BDGPM#04 apresentou raízeslivres de danos; já o genótipo BDGPI#25 têm raízes com poucos e quase imperceptíveis danos.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.