This study, conducted in one state in the United States, replicated similar research from over a decade ago to compare principal demographics and reasons for remaining or leaving the profession. Demographics have trended with the nation. Principals are older, more diverse and are largely eligible for retirement within the next five years. Similar demographics are noted in Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. The reasons for retiring have changed dramatically since the first survey. External mandates were the number one reason for retirement. Another reason included spending more time with their family. Around the globe, other countries are considering national initiatives, such as accountability and high-stakes testing or national curriculum standards. This study may provide a cautionary note regarding the impact on principal role and retention. Thus, while the study occurred in the United States, the policies that influenced principals' reasons for choosing to retire or stay in the profession appear to have global implications.
Tradition graphene anodes in lithium ion batteries (LIBs) suffer significant performance loss due to the restacking of graphene layers. In this work, we have demonstrated a facile synthesis of preparing a series of graphene-derived nanomaterials. Among other potential application, these nanomaterials achieved an excellent cyclic durability with much enhanced capacity as novel anode materials in LIBs. These exceptional metrics observed within the novel assemblies is primarily due to the robust structure along with the optimal d-spacing allowing for facilitated Li adsorption/desorption and diffusion. Furthermore, the significantly enhanced rate performance was achieved after optimizing the structure of the self-assemblies. Development of nanomaterials anode suggests that the optimal design of graphene materials with robust structures is very important for next generation LIBs with high-energy storage efficiencies.
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