This paper demonstrates the feasibility and very good performance of a kilowatt-level power amplifier in a single-ended architecture, intended for energy systems. The prototype is designed at 352 MHz for the ESS LINAC and delivers up to 1250 W with 71% efficiency in pulsed operation with a duty cycle of 5%, 3.5 ms pulse at 14 Hz repetition.Introduction: Solid-state r.f. high power amplifiers (PA) are increasingly used as energy systems in particle accelerators, such as cyclotrons and LINACs, in a large variety of applications, including radionuclide production, particle therapy for cancer treatment, and synchrotron light sources for scientific studies [1][2]. The design of solid-state PA for energy systems calls for a different approach than the design of PA for data transmission, where linearization is paramount. PA as energy systems could be operated in saturation and therefore be more efficient, while delivering more output power [3]. A direct implication is the reduction of the number of amplifier modules, as relatively more power, more efficiently could be delivered per module.It remains unclear whether a simple architecture could be adopted at the kilowatt-level. In order to improve the competitiveness of solid state based energy systems, a simple architecture could drastically reduce the manufacturing costs, as a high number of modules need to be combined.The purpose of this letter is to demonstrate by simulations and experimentation, the feasibility and performance of a single-ended power amplifier at kilowatt-level, realized in a planar printed circuit board technology and avoiding using complex circuits, such as baluns, as is presently customary at these high power levels [4].
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