Interferometric synthetic aperture (InSAR) has been widely applied to natural disaster monitoring. However, it has limitations due to the influence of noise sources such as atmospheric and topographic artefacts, data processing errors, etc. In particular, atmospheric effect is one of the most prominent noise sources in InSAR for the monitoring of small magnitude deformations. In this paper, we proposed an efficient multitemporal InSAR (MTInSAR) approach to measure small co-seismic deformations by minimizing atmospheric anomalies. This approach was applied to investigate the 18 September 2004 earthquake over Huntoon Valley, California, using 13 ascending and 22 descending ENVISAT synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. The results showed that the coseismic deformation was §1.5 and §1.0 cm in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. The earthquake source parameters were estimated using an elastic dislocation source from the ascending and descending acquisitions. The root mean square errors between the observed and modelled deformations were improved by the proposed MTInSAR approach to about 3.8 and 1.8 mm from about 4.0 and 5.2 mm in the ascending and descending orbits, respectively. It means that the MTInSAR approach presented herein remarkably improved the measurement performance of a small co-seismic deformation.
A sequence of Ms ě 5.0 earthquakes occurred in 2003 and 2004 in Bange County, Tibet, China, all with similar depths and focal mechanisms. However, the source parameters, kinematics and relationships between these earthquakes are poorly known because of their moderately-sized magnitude and the sparse distribution of seismic stations in the region. We utilize interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data from the European Space Agency's Envisat satellite to determine the location, fault geometry and slip distribution of three large events of the sequence that occurred on 7
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