Wetland is one of the most important ecosystems in the world. A healthy wetland ecosystem is important to the development of a regional and even global economy, and it is also beneficial to the human living conditions. In this paper, remote sensing (RS), landscape metrics were used to analyze the land use/land cover change (LUCC), landscape pattern change and the ecosystem services value (ESV) from 1987 to 2017 in Nansi Lake wetland of China. The results showed: 54.4% of the natural wetlands in Nansi Lake were replaced by constructed wetlands in the past 30 years, the ecosystem was degraded and the landscape structure was fragmented due to the severe drought in 2002 and the development of aquaculture and tourism in recent years. The ESV of Nansi Lake wetland fluctuated from 1987 to 2017, and the average annual ESV ($8134/hm2) was much lower than that of global and China’s wetlands, the LUCC driven by human production and economic development leads to the reduction of ESV, especially the rapid increase of constructed wetlands. Finally, the implications of wetland laws and policies, wetland monitoring, assessment and database construction, and wetland regional development strategies were discussed for wetland protection and management.
Mining is an important pillar industry to the economic future of many countries, and the mineral resources will be exploited largely and continuously with the growth of economic development for energy demand [1]. However, the exploitation and utilization of mineral resources will inevitably change the material cycle and energy flows of a regional ecosystem, break the balance of the original ecosystem, and bring a series of eco-environmental problems such as surface subsidence, groundwater penetration, soil pollution and biodiversity reduction [2-4]. The composition, structure and functionality of the mining area ecosystem can be seriously damaged and its stability can be lost, leading to reverse evolution of the original ecosystem. Negative
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