The aim of the present study was to evaluate the dynamic protein expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and apoptosis in the cerebral tissue surrounding hematoma following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats. A total of 80 healthy male Wistar rats were divided into a sham-surgery group and an ICH group. The ICH model was established by injecting autogenous non-heparin anticoagulant arterial blood into the caudate putamen. NF-κB levels were assessed by immunohistochemistry at different time points subsequent to surgery, and apoptosis condition was investigated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling. Different levels of NF-κB were expressed in the cerebral tissue around the ICH at each time point in the ICH group. NF-κB protein expression was detected at 3 h following hemorrhage, mainly in the cytoplasm. Following 6 h, NF-κB was identified in the nucleus. Its expression peaked at 72 h following hemorrhage, and persisted for 5 days. Apoptosis was observed 6 h following hemorrhage, and had increased significantly by 12 h. The rate of apoptosis continued to rise from 72–120 h following hemorrhage. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between NF-κB expression and apoptosis (r=0.753; P<0.01). The enhancement of NF-κB expression and apoptosis around ICH, and the significant positive correlation between NF-κB expression and apoptosis, indicates that NF-κB activation may enhance cerebral apoptosis in rats following ICH.
Objective The aim of this study was to identify important pathways regulated by a set of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods A lncRNA-mediated competitive endogenous RNA network (LMCN) was constructed using information on microRNA (miRNA)–mRNA interactions and lncRNA–miRNA intersections from the E-GEOD-37991 transcription profiling data in the ArrayExpress database. A random walk with restart ranking algorithm was then applied to evaluate the influences of protein-coding genes regulated by competitive lncRNAs. Pathway enrichment scores were calculated based on the propagation scores of protein-coding genes. Finally, permutation tests were used to estimate the significance of the pathways. Results We obtained lncRNA–mRNA interactions based on miRNAs common to both miRNA–mRNA interactions and lncRNA–miRNA intersections, and used interactions with a z-score > 0.7 to construct a LMCN. Ten lncRNAs were identified as source nodes in the LMCN, and nine pathways with enrichment scores >0.8, including ‘Cell cycle’, ‘Endocytosis’, and ‘Pathways in cancer’, were significantly enriched by these source nodes. Conclusions Nine significant pathways regulated by a set of competitive lncRNAs were identified in OSCC, which may play important roles in the development of OSCC via the cell cycle and endocytosis.
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