We prepared the superparamagnetic chitosan nanoparticles (SPCIONPs) to study the application of them as gene vectors using a magnetic transfection system for the targeted treatment of lung metastasis of osteosarcoma. The SPCIONPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, superconducting quantum interference device and atomic force microscopy. Their biosafety was determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and live–dead staining assays. The transfection
in vitro
was detected by laser confocal microscopy. SPCIONPs, which can bind closely to plasmids and protect them from DNA enzyme degradation, were prepared with an average particle size of approximately 22 nm and zeta potential of 11.3 mV. The results of the CCK8 and live–dead staining assays showed that superparamagnetic chitosan nanoparticles loaded with insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (SPCIONPs/pIGFBP
5
) induced no significant cytotoxicity compared to the control group. The result of transfection
in vitro
suggested that pIGFBP
5
emitted a greater amount of red fluorescence in the SPCIONPs/pIGFBP
5
group than that in the chitosan-loaded IGFBP
5
(CS/pIGFBP
5
) group. In conclusion, the prepared SPCIONPs had good biosafety and could be effectively used to transfer pIGFBP
5
into 143B cells, and they thus have good application prospects for the treatment of lung metastasis of osteosarcoma.
Objective
The aim of this study is to analyze the efficacy of open reduction and Herbert screw fixation for coronal fractures of the capitellum via the anterior approach in adolescents.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and imaging data of 15 adolescents with capitellar fractures who were admitted to our hospital from May 2014 to May 2019. The fracture was reduced through the cubital crease incision via the anterior approach and was internally fixated with Herbert screws. A follow-up was conducted after the operation to examine fracture healing and elbow function. The postoperative functional recovery of patients was evaluated with the Mayo Elbow Performance index (MEPI) and the Broberg-Morrey rating system.
Results
Patients underwent surgery 3.7 days after injury on average. Intraoperative fracture reduction was satisfactory. No vascular injury or nerve injury occurred. Bony union occurred in an average of 6 weeks after the operation. All adolescents completed a 12- to 36-month follow-up. At the last follow-up, the Mayo Elbow Performance index was considered excellent in 12 patients and good in three patients. The Broberg-Morrey score was considered excellent in 12 patients, good in two patients, and fair in one patient.
Conclusion
Open reduction with Herbert screw fixation via the anterior approach is a feasible surgical method for the treatment of coronal fractures of the capitellum in adolescents.
Levels of evidence
Therapeutic, retrospective study-Level IV
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.