Background: Whether papain-like protease (PLpro) from avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) that infects poultry, causing huge losses, can perform deubiquitination is unknown. Results: IBV PLpro cleaves Lys 48 -and Lys 63 -linked polyubiquitin. The crystal structure reveals a markedly different set of residues for binding substrates. Conclusion: IBV PLpro performs deubiquitination with catalytic efficiencies that are different from other PLpros. Significance: Results provide a framework for developing antivirals.
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