Seven healthy male volunteers participated in short- (STR, 1.7 km), middle- (MTR, 4.8 km) and long- (LTR, 10.5 km) term runs at a speed close to their maximum. A prompt mobilization of white cells, and lymphocytes in particular, appeared following the exercise. The initial increase in the number of lymphocytes was succeeded by a significant decrease [(P less than 0.03) lymphopenial], which on average was 32%-39% of the pre-exercise values in all groups. A close correlation was found between the initial increase in plasma cortisol concentration after exercise and the subsequent lymphopenia. A modest enhancement in the number of granulocytes immediately after the exercise was accompanied by a comprehensive increase in polymorphonuclear (PMN) elastase concentration accounting for 78.6%, SEM 16.3%, 140.7%, SEM 31.8% and 241.3%, SEM 48.1% in the STR, MTR and LTR groups. No correlation was found between granulocyte number and the plasma PMN elastase concentration. A delayed granulocytosis was noted in all subjects, reaching a peak between 2 and 4 h after the exercise. The magnitude of the granulocytosis varied among subjects and peak values of the number of circulating granulocytes were found to be 5.7 x 10(9) cells.l-1, SEM 0.5, 6.7 x 10(9) cells.l-1, SEM 0.6 and 8.8 x 10(9) cells.l-1, SEM 0.5 in STR, MTR and LTR respectively, whereas the mean baseline value was 3.6 x 10(9) cells.l-1, SEM 0.4. The neutrophilic granulocytosis was not accompanied by a corresponding enhancement in PMN elastase concentration. The plasma cortisol concentration reached a peak 30 min after exercise and declined below the control level in 4 h. Neither the initial increase, nor the subsequent decrease in plasma cortisol concentration were found to be essential for the magnitude of the delayed leukocytosis.

SummarySeven healthy male volunteers were subjected to exercise of short (STR; 1.7 km), middle (MTR; 4.8 km) and long (LTR; 10.5 km) term runs at a speed close to maximal capacity. Blood samples were drawnbefore, immediately after exercise and at intervals over the next 10 h. FVTIIR: Ag (von Willebrand factor) rose 2.2–3.2 fold and persisted at higher levels than baseline during the observation time. A spontaneous drop in FVII (p <0.03) was found immediately after STR(13.5 ± 2.5%) and LTR (18.3 ± 2.4%), whereas only a minor decrease (7.5 ± 6.5%) occurred in MTR. The procoagulant activity of monocytesisolated from whole blood exposed to LPS showed a striking enhancement in STR and MTR. An immediate enhancement in fibrinolytic activity was found in all groups (p <0.03) assessed by increased plasma levels of t-PA and shortened whole blood clot lysis time (WBCLT). The transient shortening of WBCLT was succeeded by a tendency to prolongation of the lysis time. A 45-year old male differed markedly from the others by demonstrating an extreme and consistent prolongation of WBCLT. Thus, it hasbeen speculated that strenuous exercise possibly makes a subject more susceptible to a thrombotic event.

No abstract

Hansen J-B. Olsen J 0. Wilsglrd L. Osterud B (Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromse, Tromse. Norway). Etrects of dietary supplementation with cod liver oil on monocyte thromboplastin synthesis, coagulation and fibrinolysis. journal ojhternal Medicine 1989: 225. Suppl. 1: 133-9.In a controlled trial 40 healthy persons (20 men and 20 women) were tested before and after a daily supplement with 25 ml cod liver oil for 8 weeks. The diet increased the eicosapentaenoic acid (20: 5 n-3) content in Serum and monocytes four-to five-fold whereas the arachidonic acid (20:4 n-6) content decreased 10-20% in both serum and monocytes. Stimulation of blood with a low concentration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) revealed a 40% suppression of LPS-induced thromboplastin synthesis in the monocytes after 8 weeks of CLO intake. In the same LPS stimulation system. men were found to generate significantly more thromboxane B, than women (4.9 ng ml-I versus 3.4ngml-'). After the CLO supplementation for 8 weeks the thromboxane B, was reduced by a mean of 70% in women and 60% in men. Factor VII and fibrinogen appeared to be unaltered by CLO intake. Determination of whole blood clot lysis time and tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) did not indicate any significant influence of n-3 fatty acids on fibrinolysis.There is an increasing number of reports suggesting that supplementation of human diet with fish oil does exert a protective effect against cardiovascular diseases [ 1-31. These observations have been attributed to the inhibition of metabolism of arachidonic acid in the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways [l, 4-81. Several recent studies have documented beneficial effects of diets enriched with fish-oil-derived fatty acids (n-3 fatty acids) on the thrombogenicity of platelets and cellular products ofwhite cells [6, 8-1 41. However, there has been limited information on the effect of n-3 fatty acids on specific coagulation factors known to have predictive significance in myocardial infarcation [15, 161 and on the proAbbreviations: AA = arachidonic acid. EPA = eicosapentaenoic acid. cu) = cod liver oil. LPS = lipopolysaccharide. WBCLT = whole blood clot lysis time. PA1 = plasminogen activator inhibitor.coagulant activity of monocytes. Monocytes as well as endothelial cells may be stimulated by different agents to synthesize several times more thromboplastin, and thereby provoke a thrombogenic state. The pathophysiological significance and the possible clinical relevance of thromboplastin activity in monocytes is scarcely known. Under certain conditions, elevated levels of thromboplastin in circulating monocytes are thought to be important in the pathophysiology of the disease [ 171.The intention of this study was to clarify the effect of dietary enrichment with n-3 fatty acids on the procoagulant activity of monocytes. As the risk of coronary disease is strongly associated with plasma concentrations of fibrinogen and factor VII [ 1 8, 191, we decided also to see whether fish oils might possibly affect these factors and ...

No abstract