Abstract. Hypercholesterolemia is known as the major risk factor contributing to cardiovascular disease and the prevalence is relatively high in Indonesia. Inulin is one of the soluble fiber with promising effect to improve lipid profile. However, the effects of inulin-enriched products have not yet been confirmed in Indonesian hypercholesterolemic population. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of inulin-enriched low fat milk to the lipid profile of Indonesian hypercholesterolemic adults. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Thirtythree subjects were given instruction to drink low fat milk with total inulin of 6g/day for 6 weeks. Body composition and lipid profiles were measured before and after intervention. RESULTS: 6 weeks of inulinenriched low fat milk administration resulted in a significant decrease of total cholesterol (TC, -11 mg/dl, p<0.05), low-density lipoprotein (LDL, -10.5 mg/dl, p<0.05), high-density lipoprotein (HDL, -2.21 mg/dl, p<0.05), and significant increase of skeletal muscle mass (SMM, 200g, p=0.008). Reduction in TC and LDL were found to be moderately positively correlated with its baseline (r= 0.582, r=0.491, p<0.05, consecutively). CONCLUSION: Inulin-enriched low fat milk effectively improved lipid profile and increased SMM in Indonesian hypercholesterolemic subjects. The degree of reduction was found to be moderately positively correlated with the baseline of TC and LDL.
Exploration towards food with cholesterol-lowering property would be beneficial to reduce the incidents of cardiovascular caused by increasing number of people with hypercholesterolaemia. As much as 42 participants with total cholesterol (TC) levels ≥4.92 mmol/L were studied in a three-arms parallel intervention trial. As much as 72g soy nuts and 66g tempeh were consumed daily (25g soy protein/day) for six weeks, while control group was not given any sample. TC level and body composition were measured before and after the treatment for all groups. In soy nuts group, lower TC level was observed (-0.85±0.82 mmol/L, p<0.05) compared to the control group. Meanwhile in tempeh group, non-significant lower TC level was also observed (-0.40±1.19 mmol/L). Differences in body composition parameters were also measured and resulted in significant lower body weight, fat, and visceral fat in soy nuts group (p<0.05) while in tempeh group, only body weight and waist circumference were significantly decreased (p<0.05). This study suggested that daily consumption of soy nuts and tempeh containing 25g soy protein for six weeks showed a tendency to lower TC levels in hypercholesterolaemic-Indonesian participants. A more significant effect might be observed in subject with higher TC levels; and thus, further study is encouraged.
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